Larry 跨文化交际 PPT Lecture 4.pptVIP

Communication Between Cultures7th ed. Larry A. Samovar San Diego State University, Emeritus Richard E. Porter California State University, Long Beach, Emeritus Chapter 4 Overview Culture and the individual: cultural identity? Identity, cultural identity defined? Selected social identities? Models of cultural identity development? Identity in intercultural interactions Stereotypes, Prejudice, Ethnocentrism, Racism Identity defined Self-concept, who we think we areCultural identity defined Social construction ? dynamic  ? composite of multiple (integrated) identities Identity categories (Turner) ? human - set apart from other life forms  ? social - race, ethnicity, occupation, age, hometown, etc. ? personal - talent, achievement, personalityIdentity categories (Hall) ? personal - distinctions from others  ? communal - nationality, ethnicity, gender, religious and political affiliations  ? relational - relationships with others Selected social identitiesRacial - social construct categorizing people into different groups Tied to biological heritage that produces similar, identifiable physical characteristics. Modern science finds very little genetic variation among humans; intercultural marriage further challenges this social construction.Ethnic - shared heritage, history, traditions, values, similar behaviors, area of origin, and in some cases, language Frequently transcends national borders; grounded in common cultural beliefs. In U.S., hyphenated ethnic identity (e.g. Mexican-American) separates and connects two cultural traditions. Passage of time, relocation, and interethnic marriage can dilute strong ties. Selected social identities (continued)Gender - how particular culture differentiates masculine and feminine social roles Different from biological sex or