面向对象与面向过程方法综序.docVIP

湖南商学院 《科技写作与文献检索》课程论文 题　目 面向对象与面向过程方法综述 姓 名: 学 号: 专 业: 班 级: 指导教师: 职 称: 计算机与电子工程学院 20年月Object oriented and Process oriented XXX (Hunan University of Commerce Computer and Electronic Engineering College of Computer science and technology professional class 09XX) Abstract Facing the problem solving process is analyzed and the steps needed, and then use the function take these steps step by step to achieve, when using a method which can. The process is a process centered programming ideas. Is analyzed to solve the problem needed to step in, and then use function to these steps one pace realizes, when using a method which can，Object oriented is the problem of transaction is decomposed into various objects, the establishment of object is not intended to complete a step, but to describe something in the problem solving step behavior. Object oriented programming language must have a description of objects and their mutual relationship between language composition. These programming languages can be grouped into the following categories: system of all objects; object attributes and operation of the package; the object can be divided into categories according to its nature, object to be instances of the class; examples of relationships and inheritance relations is the object of the static relationship between; message passing is the only form of dynamic links between objects, is the only form of calculation; method is a sequence of messages. Key words Object-oriented. Process oriented. Two introduction. The two characteristics . 1 引 言 目前，程序设计有两大类，一是面向过程的结构化程序设计方法，而是面向对象程序设计方法。这两种方法的主要指导思想是什么，各有什么优势和特点，在学习和实用中各存在哪些问题，本文想对这一系列的问题给出自己的思考。 2 两种程序设计方法简介 面向过程的程序设计方法将解决问题的重点放在模拟问题的过程方面[1]，它在解决问题时采用功能分解的方法，既将一个系统看作一些功能块组合，这些功能块可以进一步分解，直到参与设计和编程的人员可以理解的步骤和过程为止。功能分解最终产生的模块和子模块作为程序构成成分的过程组件。当一个模块被分为一系列的子模块后这些子模块的执行过程可以是顺序（一个子模块紧接着另一个子模块之后执行）、选择（依据一定的条件执行某个模块）、循环（在特定的条件成立时重复执行某个子模块）。 面向过程的思想就像是：我们接到一个问题后先将其划分为几个解决步骤，其中有共性的抽象出来作为函数可以重复使用，然后按步骤执