基于Matlab的数据采集系统设.doc

基于MATLAB的数据采集系统设计 摘要： MATLAB具备高性能的数值计算和可视化的科学工程计算功能，支持解释性语言输入，编程实现简单，具有丰富的数学函数功能支持。声卡作为数据采集卡具有价钱低廉、开发和系统捷等。介绍了该课题的背景,当今数据采集系统的结构和特点，介绍了MATLAB及其数据采集工具箱, 利用声卡的A/D、D/A转换技术和MATLAB的功能,提出了一种基于声卡的数据采集与分析方案。并详细分析和阐述了利用MATLAB语言编程实现该数据采集与分析系统的过程和办法。在文章的最后则提供了一些应用该系统采集数据的实例。 关键词：基于MATLAB；基于声卡；数据采集 The System Design Of Data Acquisition Based On The MATLAB Abstract：MATLAB has the function of high-performance numerical computation and visual scientific engineering computing. It supports explanatory language input and the sound card, contains rich mathematical functions and has powerful data acquisition toolbox with simple programming. As the MATLAB data collection card, the sound card, compared to the conventional data collection card, endows with a low price, simple development and convenient system. This paper has discussed a design that combines the two kinds to conduct data collection. This paper has specifically introduced the background of this topic, the structure and the characteristics of nowadays data collection system. It has also introduced MATLAB and its data collection toolbox. By using the A/D, D/A conversion technique of the sound card and the function of MATLAB, I have presented a cost-effective data collection and analysis design based on the sound card, and analyzed and described thoroughly the course and methods of data collection and analysis system by using MATLAB language programming. Finally, this paper has provided some examples which have applied this data collection system. Key words: Based on MATLAB; Based on sound card; DAQ 目 录 1绪论 1 1.1课题背景 1 1.2数据采集系统的历史与发展 1 1.3采集和采样方式 2 2数据采集系统结构 3 2.1系统结构 3 2.2系统的特点和性能指标 4 2.2.1系统分辨率 5 2.2.2系统精度 5 2.2.3采集速率 5 2.2.4动态范围 5 2.3系统常见的几种结构形式 5 2.3.1多通道共享采样/保持器和 A/D 转换器数据采集系统 6 2.3.2多通道同步数据采集系统 6 2.3.3多通道并行数据采集系统 7 2.3.4分布式数据采集系统 7 3 MATLAB及声卡 8 3.1 MATLAB 简介 8 3.2数据采集工具箱及声卡简介 8 3.3 MATLAB在数据采集中的应用 9 4系统设计方案 10 4.1系统结构设计 10 4.2系统功能设计 11 4.3系统设计实现 11 4.3.1声音信号采集的硬件配置 11 4.3.2数据采集 12 4.3.3数据分析 13 4.4应用实例 13 5结语 16 [参考