CCD成像系统精选.pdf

CCD Imaging Systems • The CCD Element 7.3 • Preamplifier Stage 7.11 – Requirements 7.12 – With DC-Restoration 7.15 • Correlated Double Sampling 7.18 • A/D Converter 7.26 Contributing Author: Stephan Baier 7.1 CCD Imaging System CCD Imaging System Typical Block Diagram Typical Block Diagram V/H - Driver Timing Generator Correlated Preamp Double Gain and A/D DSP and Clamp Driver Sampling (CDS) DC-Restore CCD Coarse Offset D/A Level Shift Fine Offset 7 .2 Technology advances with CCDs (Charge Coupled Device), like increased resolution at lower manufacturing costs, have fueled the growth in the electronic imaging industry. However, some of the typical constraints of CCDs remain unchanged, such as the very low output signal level and the inherent noise sources. Furthermore, increased resolution generally equals higher read-out speed, which in turn dictates the requirements for the subsequent electronics. The CCD is the central element in an imaging system. Designers need to be aware of the special requirements for the signal conditioning of the CCD in order to achieve the maximum performance. The output signal of the CCD is a constant stream of the individual pixel “charges” an