海河沉积物中磷释放的模拟研究(孙淑娟 黄岁木梁).docxVIP

海河沉积物中磷释放的模拟研究(孙淑娟黄岁木梁) 　　摘要:在实验室条件下,分别对海河沉积物中磷的释放量与沉积物磷形态分布的关系及好氧P厌氧条件,pH,温度,外源磷含量,微生物活动等环境因素对其的影响进行了模拟研究.结果表明,微生物作用是影响海河沉积物中磷释放量的主要因素;厌氧条件下,磷从沉积物向水体的释放量远高于好氧条件下沉积物磷的释放量;温度升高有利于沉积物中磷的释放;酸性和碱性条件下沉积物磷的释放量略高于中性条件下沉积物磷的释放量;当上覆水磷含量较高时,沉积物中的磷呈“负释放”状态.研究还显示,沉积物中不同形态的磷含量与沉积物磷释放量有不同程度的相关性,其中可交换态磷(NH4Cl-P)和可还原态磷(BD-P)含量与沉积物磷的释放量高度相关(R2分别为0.99和0.84).关键词:海河;沉积物;磷释放;环境因素 　　中图分类号:X522文献标志码:A文章编号:1001-6929(XX)04-0126-06 　　SimulatedExperimentofPhosphorusReleasefromHaiheRiverSediment 　　SUNShu-juan,HUANGSui-liang 　　CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,NanKaiUniversity,Tianjin300071,China 　　Abstract:PhosphorusreleasefromthesedimentofHaiheRiveranditsrelationshipwithsedimentphosphorusformsweresimulatedinlaboratory,whiletheeffectsofanaerobicPaerobiccondition,pH,temperature,initialTPconcentrationsofoverlyingwaterandmicroorganismactionwerealsoinvestigated.TheresultsshowedthattheactionofmicroorganismwasthemaincauseforphosphorusreleasedfromtheHaihesediment.Theanaerobicconditionwasmuchmorepropitioustothephosphorusreleasedthantheaerobiccondition.Alsohighertemperaturewashelpfultothephosphorusrelease,andatthepresenceofmicroorganism.Thesedimentreleasedmorephosphorusunderalkalineoracidicconditionscomparedtotheneutralcondition.Forhigherinitialphosphorusconcentrationoftheoverlyingwater,thesedimentabsorbedthehosphorusoftheoverlyingwateruntilabalancewasreached.Italsoshowedthatdifferentformsofphosphorusinthesedimenthaddifferentdegreesofcorrelationwithsedimentphosphorusrelease,inwhichexchangeablephosphorus(NH4Cl2P)andreduciblephosphorus(BD2P)wereinhighcorrelationwithsedimentphosphorusrelease(R2being0199and0184respectively). 　　Keywords:HaiheRiver;sediment;phosphorusrelease;environmentalfactors 　　在大多数已研究的淡水水体中,磷被认为是水体浮游藻类的限制性营养元素,其水体含量与水体的营养程度密切相关[1-4].研究表明[5-7],沉积物中磷的释放是影响水体营养状态的重要因素.因此,了解沉积物中磷及其他营养盐的分布特征和释放规律,对研究水体的营养状况和生产力非常重要,并且可以预测沉积物对未来水质的影响. 　　海河为我国七大水系之一,干流全长72km,西起金刚桥,东到海河闸,横贯天津市区、东丽区、津南区,于塘沽区汇入渤海.近年来,随着城市建设和经济的发展,海河污染日益严重[8],已处于富营养化状态[9-13].安敏等[14]的研究表明,海河干流表层沉积物的总磷和有机质含量与我国XX接近,且有机质、总磷含