自考“英语国家概况”精讲笔记_小抄.docVIP

官方正式名称: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.3.The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones.4.Three political divisions on the island of Great Britain三个政治区: England, Scotland and Wales.(1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section.(2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。它有三大自然区; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh(3) Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Capital首都: Cardiff(4) Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast.5.The Commonwealth英联邦 (of nations) is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. It was founded in 1931, and has 50 member countries until 1991. Chapter 2The Origins of a Nation (5000BC-1066)I.Arrival and settlement of the Celts Celts were practiced famers. The drained much of marshlands and built houses of wood.They wre ironworkers, too. Their languages, the Celts languages, are the basis of the language which is still used by some people in Scotland and Wales. Their religion was Druidism ?1、 The Celts began to arrive Britain about 700 BC.2、The Celts came to Britain in three main waves. The first wave were the Gaels-came about 600 BC.The second wave were the Brythons-came about 400 BC.The third wave were the Belgae-came about 150 BC.II. The Anglo-Saxons (446-871)1． Basis of Modern English race: the Anglo-Saxons.In the mid-5th century a new wave of invaders, Jutes, Saxons, and Angles came to Britain. They were three Teutonic tribes.①The Jute s, who fished and farmed in Jutland, came to Britain first. A Jutish chief became the King of Kent in 449.②Then the Saxons, users of the short-sword from northern Germany, established their kingdom in Essex, Sussex and Wessex from the end of the 5th century to the beginning of the 6th century. ③In