基于AT89C51单片机超声波测距系统的设计.docVIP

摘 要 论文的内容是基于AT89C51单片机超声波测距系统的设计，主要是利用超声波的特点和优势，将超声波测距系统和AT89C51单片机结合于一体。该系统采用软、硬件结合的方法，具有模块化和多用化的特点。 本设计采用以AT89C51单片机为核心的低成本、高精度、微型化数字显示超声波测距仪的硬件电路和软件设计方法。整个电路采用模块化设计，由主程序、预置子程序、发射子程序、接收子程序、显示子程序等模块组成。各探头的信号经单片机综合分析处理，实现超声波测距仪的各种功能。在此基础上设计了系统的总体方案，最后通过硬件和软件实现了各个功能模块。相关部分附有硬件电路图、程序流程图。 经实验证明，这套系统软硬件设计合理、抗干扰能力强、实时性良好，经过系统扩展和升级，可以有效地解决汽车倒车、建筑施工工地以及一些工业现场的位置监控。 关键词：AT89C51; 超声波；测距 Abstract The paper is based on the contents of the AT89C51 monolithic integrated circuit reverse collision avoidance system design, mainly using ultrasound features and advantages, ultrasound ranging system and the integration with the integration AT89C51 monolithic integrated circuit. The system used software and hardware integrated approach of a modular and multi-use characteristics. At the core of the design using AT89C51 low-cost, high accuracy, Micro figures show that the ultrasonic range finder hardware and software design methods. Modular design of the whole circuit from the main program, pre subroutine fired subroutine receive subroutine. display subroutine modules form. SCM comprehensive analysis of the probe signal processing, and the ultrasonic range finder function. On the basis of the overall system design, hardware and software by the end of each module. The research has led to the discovery that the software and hardware designing is justified, the anti-disturbance competence is powerful and the real-time capability is satisfactory and by extension and upgrade, this system can resolve the problem of the car availably, building construction the position of the workplace and some industries spot supervision. Key words:AT89C51; Silent Wave；Measure Distance 目录 1.绪论 1 1.1课题背景及重要意义 1 1.2国内超声检测发展综述 2 1.3超声波测距存在的问题与课题的意义 3 1.4本论文主要研究内容 4 2.超声波测距原理与方法 6 2.1超声波简介 6 2.1.1. 超声波主要参数 6 2.1.2 超声波的物理性质 7 2.1.3 超声波对声场产生的作用 8 2.2超声波传感器介绍 8 2.2.1超声波测距原理及结构 9 2.2.2超声波传感器选择 11 2.2.3超声波测距的原理 12 2.2.4发射脉冲宽度 13 2.2.5测量盲区 14 2. 3总体设计小结 15 3.系统硬件设计 16 3.1