小型污水站化工废水处理设计方案毕业设计.docVIP

摘要 化工废水的处理方法很多，常用的处理方法有物理化学处理法、化学处理法、生化处理法。由于化工废水的生物难降解性和成分的复杂性，单一的生化或物理化学处理技术常常难以达标排放，故处理化工废水的工艺发展趋势是采用多种方法的组合工艺,如SBR、接触氧化工艺,A/ O 工艺等对化工废水进行深度处理。本设计提出采用预处理——厌氧水解（UASB工艺）——SBR好氧生化工艺来处理化工废水，对于盐分超过生化处理条件的废水，集中收集，通过蒸发器蒸法处理后,再进入生化处理。预处理主要是去除废水中大的悬浮物和调节废水水质水量，为后续构筑物提供良好的运行条件；厌氧水解主要是将难降解的大分子有机物转化成易生物降解的小分子物质，提高废水的可生化性，同时亦能去除部分COD和BOD5,并起到均化水质的作用；SBR好氧生化反应工艺，主要是利用好氧菌降解有机物，由于其沉淀性能好、对有机物去除率高、可不设二沉池和污泥回流设备等优势，故该工艺对本类型的小型污水处理站是很合适的选择。 关键词：化工废水；小型污水站；厌氧水解（UASB工艺）；SBR工艺 Abstract There are many treatment technologies for chemical wastewater, The main methods used are physical and chemical treatment, chemical treatment and biological treatment methods. As the chemical wastewater is always complicated and hard to be subtracted ，a single biological or physical chemical treatment technology is often difficult to meet the standards ,so chemical wastewater treatment process trend is a combination of technology in various ways. Currently the primary method of chemical wastewater treatment is first to use a appropriate method of the pretreatment to destruction refractory organic matter in waste water, and then combined with biochemical methods, such as SBR, contact oxidation process, A / O process as the advanced treatment of the chemical wastewater. Pretreatment - anaerobic hydrolysis (UASB) – SBR Aerobic Biological Technology was adopted in treating wastewater from the chemical industry , As for the the salt water concentration more than the condition of biological treatment ,first collection, through the evaporator treatment then into the biochemical treatment. Pretreatment is to remove large suspended solids in wastewater and regulating water quality and quantity, to provide the follow-up structures a good operating conditions; by anaerobic hydrolysis reaction, non-degradable organics into easily biodegradable small molecule material, improving wastewater biodegradability ，and at the same time ，which can removed part of COD and BOD5, and both played the role of homogenizing quali