国际贸易英文版.ppt

Exporting by sea is also an economical means of transporting goods over long distance. Its key advantages include its relative cost effectiveness and its efficiency for transporting buik and heavy cargoes. The process of transporting goods to an export market has many facets,and an exporters first questiong may well be “where do I start?”The initial step may be to use a freight forwarder to manage the whole transport process, and this is exactly what many exporters do.Some shipping companies have a freight forwarding arm of their business and provide a door to door service for your export transaction.Alternatively.you may be keen you manage export market delivery yourself.in which case this Chapter provides an introduction to the use of sea transport. charpter 1 Tonnage Measurement Type of Vessels Commercial aspects of shipping shipping conference Made by sugus #15 Type of Vessels Type of Vessels shipping conference Commercial aspects of shipping Direct Service Indirect Service Non-Vessel-Operating-Common Carrier Charter Transshipment of cargo APPLICATION OF FREIGHT RATES The application of freight rates is complicated and exporters should have a thorough under standing of how freight rates are structured. The following is a basic liner shipping conference method of calculating freight for a FCE cargo 1.Lift on lift off 2.Terminal Handing Charge 3.Basic Service Rate Additional Export Whartage Port Service Change Australian Port Charge Additional 4.Twenty-foot Equivalent Unit Forty-foot Equivalent Unit Rate ocean freight rates 5.Currency Adjustment Factor (CAF) and or Bunker Adjustment Factor (BAF) Reservation of Cargo Space Prior to booking space for export cargo with a shipping line. Exporters are encouraged to contact the selected line and seek advice on booking procedures The usual procedure for making an export booking is to contact the export booking officer for a particular route or country Exporters should record The date time and the name