企业管理第2章.pptVIP

Lecture 2External Environment The external environment of companies company General environment Industrial environment The Components of a Company’s Macro-Environment MACROENVIRONMENT political Societal Values and culture Natural resource Technology The Economy at Large COMPANY Suppliers Substitutes Buyers New Entrants Rival Firms ? IMMEDIATE INDUSTRY AND COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT General environment PEST Political environment: law, peace, Economic environment: development level, economic system, price, labor and etc. GDP, interest rate, exchange rate, CPI? Social and cultural environment: population, value and so on Technological environment Technical development Industrial technology Internet Social and culture aging population At the end of 1990’s，old ages in china is over 10%，at the middle of 2000’s, old ages may be over 30%. 2004，average old ages rate is 10.97%, Shanghai（18.48%）,Tianjin(13.75)、Jiangsu(13.75%)、Beijing（13.66%）、Zhejiang(13.18%). Natural resources Analysis natural resources of Shanghai EFE-external factors evaluation(外部因素评价矩阵） 1、key factors 2、weight for each factors (0-1)。 3、score for each factors 4、weight * score for each factors 5、added all the weighted score。 Industrial environment Substitute Products (of firms in other industries) Suppliers of Key Inputs Buyers Potential New Entrants Rivalry Rivalry:Current competition Number of competitors and their relative sizes Cost structure The industrial development (growth rate): Differences of products and services Barrier of exiting E.g. Automobile industry Beer supermarket Express: UPS/FEDEX/DHL /EMS/TNT Strategic groups The companies that have same strategy or similar strategy in the industry Example: Bargaining power of suppliers Concentration of the upper stage of production chain The difference of products of different suppliers The menace of substitute products The forward integration power of supplier The importance of the company to its supplier Bargaining power o