数控机床的加工与维护.doc

毕 业 设 计 （说明书） 题目： 数控机床的加工与维护 姓名： 编号： （ ）字 号 中 国 矿 业 大 学 二0一六 年 十 月 二十 日 摘 要 随着社会的发展和技术的进步数控机床已是衡量一个国家机械制造业技术改造的必经之路是未来工厂自动化的基础需要大批量能掌握数控机床编程操作维修的人员和工程技术人员目前振兴我国机械装备制造业的条件已经具备时机也很有利我们要以高度的使命感和责任感采取更加有效的措施克服发展中存在的问题把我国从一个制造业大国建设成一个制造业强国成为世界顶级制造业基地之一但数控机床是一种价格昂贵的精密设备目 录 第一章 数控机床的简介············································· 2 11数控机床的发展史··········································· 2 12数控机床的分类············································· 3 13数控机床的发展趋势········································· 5 第二章 数控加工的准备阶段········································· 9 21数控加工刀具的要求及种类··································· 9 22装夹方式和夹具的选择······································ 11 23数控铣床安全操作规程······································ 13 第三章 实例加工················································· 14 31零件图纸·················································· 14 32材料的选择················································ 14 33铣床的对刀················································ 15 34零件的加工工艺性分析······································ 15 35编制加工工艺过程·········································· 17 36编制数控刀具及加工工艺卡·································· 18 第四章 数控机床的维护············································ 20 41制订数控系统日常维护的规章制度···························· 20 42应尽量少开数控柜和强电柜的门······························ 20 43定时清扫数控柜的散热通风系统······························ 20 44经常监视数控系统用的电网电压······························ 21 45定期更换存储器用电池······································ 21 46数控系统长期不用时的维护·································· 参考文献···················································· 致谢 ····················································23 数控机床的简介 11数控机床的发展史 20世纪中期随着技术的发展自动信息处理数据处理以及电子的出现给自动化技术带来了新的概念用数字化信号对机床运动及其加工过程进行控制推动了机床自动化的发展　 采用数字技术进行机械加工最早是在40年代初由美国北密支安的一个小型飞机承包商派尔逊斯公司ParsonsCorporation实现的他们在制造飞机的框架及直升飞机的转动机翼时利用全数字电子计算机对机翼加工路径进行数据处理并考虑到刀具直径对加工路线的影响使得加工精度达到±00381mm±00015in达到了当时的最高水平 　　1952年麻省理院在一台立式铣床上装上了一套试验性的数控系统成功地实现了同时控制三轴的运动这台数控机床被大家称为世界上