直流电机运行状态的卡尔曼滤波估计器设计.docVIP

二 〇 一 五 年 六 月 摘 要 卡尔曼滤波是一个迭代自回归算法，对于连续运动状态用中的大部分问题它都能够给出最优的预测。它已经广泛应用了近半个世纪，例如数据的融合，机械的导航乃至军用雷达的导航等等。卡尔曼滤波一般用于动态数据的处理，是从混沌的信号中提取有用信号消除误差的参数估计法。卡尔曼滤波是依据上一个估计数值和当下的检测数据运用递推估计算出当前的估计值。通过状态方程运用递推的方法进行估计,可以建立物体运动的模型。本文采用的工程设计对运行状态下的直流电机进行参数的计算和校验。而且直流电机的调节性能非常好只需要加上电阻调压就可以了，而且启动曲线非常好，启动的转矩大适合高精度的控制。而交流电机调速需要变频，控制相对复杂一些，而对于设计无论是哪种电机都不影响结果，所以本实验采用直流电机。简单来说卡尔曼滤波就是对被观测量进行一个物理的建模，目的是用‘道理’来约束观测结果，减少噪声的影响。因此卡尔曼滤波是根据一个事物的当前状态预测它的下一个状态的过程 关键词：卡尔曼滤波器；直流电机；MATLAB Abstract Kalman filter is an iterative autoregression algorithm for continuous motion of most of the problems with it are able to give the best prediction. And it has been widely used for nearly half a century, such as the integration of data, as well as military machinery of navigation radar navigation, and so on. Kalman filter is generally used to process dynamic data, extract useful signal parameter estimation method to eliminate errors from the chaotic signal. Kalman filter is based on an estimate on the value and the current detection data is calculated using recursive estimation current estimates. By using recursive state equation method to estimate the movement of objects can be modeled. The paper describes the engineering design of the DC motor running state parameter calculation and verification. The DC motor performance and adjust very well simply by adding resistance regulator on it, and start curve is very good, start torque for precision control. The required frequency AC motor speed control is relatively complicated, and for the design of either the motor does not affect the outcome. In order to facilitate learning, so wo use the DC motor. Simply the Kalman filter is to be observables conduct a physical modeling; the purpose is to use sense to restrict the observations to reduce the influence of noise. Therefore, the Kalman filter is based on the current state of things predict its next state of the process. This design is mainly through the DC motor mathematical model using MATLAB to design the Kalma