定语从句复习(高三).ppt

定语从句复习 ----高三 What is Attributive Clause? 修饰某一名词或代词的从句。 被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词. 引导定语从句的词叫引导词，有关系代词和关系副词两类。 关系代词有：在定语从句中作主语、宾语和表语，whose作定语。 代人的有：who, whom, whose, that； 代物的有：that, which, whose. 关系副词有：在定语从句中作状语。 when(指时间)，where(指地点),why(指原因)， 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号分开，修饰主句中的某一个名词或名词词组或代词； 非限制性定语从句常用逗号和主句隔开，可以修饰主句中的某一个词，也可修饰整个句子。 非限制性定语从句不能用that引导，引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略。 定语从句三步 第一: 找出先行词； 第二: 看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）； 第三: 选择合适的关联词。 只用that引导和不用that引导的场合 只用that引导 1）?当先行词既包括人又包括物时： He talked about the men and the books that attracted him.2）?指物的先行词被any, every, only, very, all, no等修饰These are the very points that interest me. That’s the only watch that I like most.3）?指物的先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时： The first step that we are to take is very difficult. 4）?先行词是指物的不定代词all, little, few, much,及everything, anything, nothing等时： There is still much that can be done about it. Have you got everything that you need?5）?先行词是who时： Who that have seen him does not like him? 只用that引导和不用that引导的场合 2．?不用that的场合 1）非限制性定语从句中??? Last night ,I saw a very good film, which was about the Long March . 2）介词放在关系代词之前时?? This is the man from whom I learnt the news. 3）句中出现了that，或先行词是that时 ??? I have found that which I was looking for. 非限制性定语中，which 和as 容易混淆。在很多情况下两者兼可互换，但在下列情况中不可互换 1、通常As 可以放在整句的句首，而which只能在逗号之后，as 本身含有“正如”，as 在定语从句中既可是主语也可做宾语As I have told you, she is remarkable. 2、 which 在做非限制性定语从句关联词时可以无明确先行词，指前句整个的意思， she has married again, which surprises us .  all that Vs. what 定语从句中许多人往往分不清all that 和what what 实际上只引导名词性从句，它相当于all that两个字 All that I know is that he has made up his mind to heave the country for a new place. = what I know is that ……  “介词＋关系代词”用法 1.介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语的习惯性搭配： Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands? (shake hands with…是习惯性搭配) 2.介词常受先行词的制约（即介词和先行词的搭配） He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.