水体生物毒性检测技术研究进展综述 An Overview of Research Advances in Biological Toxicity Detection Technology for Water Environment.pdfVIP

WaterPurification 净水技术2013，32(5)：5—10 Technology 水体生物毒性检测技术研究进展综述 刘允，解鑫 (中国环境监测总站，北京100012) 摘要由于水质安全不断受到突发污染事故的威胁，常规的理化监测指标已不足以直接、全面地反映水污染状况，生物毒性 监测技术顺应水质评价的需求而发展起来，应用于水质应急和预警监测。该文从细菌类、藻类、鱼类、水蚤类、蚕豆根尖微核技术 和微生物传感器五个方面介绍了生物毒性检测方法、机理及其在水环境监测中的具体应用。分析比较了现有的常用生物毒性检 测技术方法的特点，其中发光细菌法与其他方法相比，具有简便、快速、灵敏、适应性强、无需专门的生物专业人员即可操作的特 点，应用最为广泛。 关键词 生物毒性 检测方法 水环境 研究进展 中图分类号：X835 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1009—0177(2013)05—0005—06 AnOverviewofResearchAdvancesin Detection forWater BiologicalToxicity Technology Environment Liu Xin Yun，Xie NationalEnvironmental (China MonaohngCenteGBering100012，China) Since Abstract water and are threatened and qualitysafetybeing bypollutionemergencyincreasingly，conventionalphysical chemicM indicatorshavebeeninsufficienttoreflectthewater situation and the monitoring pollution directly circumstances is toresolvethis are de- biologicalmonitoringexpected problem．Biologicaltoxicitymonitoringtechnologiesgradually tomeetthedemandofwater canbe towater for veloped assessment，which quality applied qualitymonitoringemergencyresponse and detectionmethodsfromfiveareaswere earlywarning．Thebiologicaltoxicity described，including micronucleusofthebroadbean’s andmicrobialsensor．Thecharacteristicsof detectionmeth- technique root-point biologicaltoxicity odswere andseveralcommondetectionmethodswere were with analyzed prospects compared．Thedevelopment