毕业设计----分气筒的焊接制作.doc

目 录 一. 汽缸的基本知识······································ 1 1.汽缸的分类·········································· 2.分汽缸应用和压力容器的焊结构························ 二．制作分汽缸技术参数··································5 1.分汽缸组成零部件及对应材料························· 三.生产准备··············································6 1.选材料（16Mn、20#、Q235A、20g）···················· 2.材料性能要求 ①.金属材料的力学性能·················· ②工具钢性能要求······································ 四.备料··················································13 1.筒体················································· 2.法兰················································· 3.椭圆封头············································· 五.焊前准备··············································19 1.组对、装配、校正····································· 2.坡口处理（丙酮、CCL4）······························· 六.焊接过程··············································23 1.焊接设备参数调节、设备检查··························· 2.试焊·················································· 3.试件检测（硬度、水压试验、刚性、耐腐蚀检测）········· 4.正式施焊·············································· 七.焊后处理··············································25 1.后热处理············································· 2.无损探伤检测········································· 3.检验结果············································· 八.毕业设计总结··········································31 九.致谢··················································32 十.参考文献··············································33 前 言 本产品设计是依据高等职业教育焊接技术及自动化专业所学课程编写的，设计任务适合焊接技术及自动化专业所学知识的难度。做为本专业课程的综合考查学生能力，也可供从事压力容器生产工作技术人员参考。 本毕业设计分为焊接结构基础知识、焊接生产过程和焊接产品检验等三个部分，共七章设计内容。第一、二、三章主要介绍汽缸的相关知识，第四、五主要介绍焊接生产前、中、后三过程知识，焊接材料、焊接结构装配、焊接工艺性审查，这部分内容是本产品设计课题重点，最后两章主要介绍焊接生产过程中的安全技术及焊后质量检验。 毕业设计是，以突出实践性、理论知识应用与实际生产为本质目的，在尊重科学规律的前提下，对部分其他专业知识结构的整合，旨在提高职业院校学生对系统专业知识的结合运用，将所学理论技术运用到工业发展和生活中去。 在编写过程中，由于所学知识有限，借鉴了行业生产方面的技术，但由于时间仓促，在产品设计方面难免存在某些需要进一步待完善和改进的地方，甚至错误，恳请指导老师指正。 气缸的基本知识 第一节 汽缸的分类 分汽缸是分集汽缸应用中的一部分，分集汽缸是由分汽缸和集气缸组合而成的一种汽体流量和会集装置。分汽缸是将一路进汽通过一个压力容器分为几路输出的设备，而集汽缸是将进汽通过一个压力容器一路输出的设备，其管理若干的支路管道，分别包括回