磷酸果糖激酶-生物化学与分子生物学.ppt

Physiological functions Overview Monogastric Carbohydrate Digestion Carbohydrate Absorption location： duodenum and jejunum formation： monosacchride mechanism：active transport Na+-dependent glucose transporter, SGLT Outline of carbohydrate metabolism Section IIGlycolysis The process of glycolysis One molecule of glucose is converted to two molecules of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate ，which consumes two ATP The following steps can be regarded as the reaction of two glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate 1st substrate-level phosphorylation (二) The conversion of two molecules of pyruvate to two molecules of lactate Summary of glycolysis ⑴ reaction site：cytosol ⑵ Glycolysis is an anaerobic process ⑶ including three unreverse reactions ⑷ The form and numbers of energy production form：substrate-level phosphorylation Pure numbers of ATP： One molecule of glucose 2×2-2= 2ATP One glucose unit from glycogen 2×2-1= 3ATP ⑸ fates of lactate Used by degradation Lactate cycle（gluconeogenesis ） 二、regulation of glycolysis （一） 6- phosphofructokinase -1(PFK-1) (三) hexokinase or glucose kinase 三、 Physiologic role of glycolysis Section III Aerobic Oxidation of Carbohydrate The Process of Aerobic Oxidation of Carbohydrates （一）oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate （二） Tricarboxylic acid Cycle, TAC TAC、citric acid cycle、Krebs cycle ⑴ Synthesis of citrate ：un-reverse reaction O=C-COOH CH3 CH2COOH CH2 + C=O HO-C-COO- COOH SCoA CH2COOH Oxaloacetate acetyl CoA citrate ⑵ synthesis of isocitrate COO- COO- COO- CH2 CH H-C-OH - OOC-C-OH - OOC-C - OOC-C-H CH2 CH2 CH2 COO- COO- C