初中英语语法：形容词和副词.pptxVIP

形容词和副词形容词一、定义 说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态，常用来修饰名词或不定代词的词叫形容词。a beautiful castleShe looks so happy.二、用法及位置1．作定语放在被修饰的名词前，不定代词或副词后。There are many _colourful_flowers in the park.The boy is old_enough to go to school.He has something_interesting to tell his mother.注意：基数词可与名词(用连字符相连)构成复合形容词，用作定语。 如：a 5-year-old girl，five-minute walk2．作表语Mother looked happy when she received our presents.放在系动词之后。系动词有：look,feel,taste,smell,sound等。一些表示情感的表语形容词后可接动词不定式。如：glad,happy,pleasedsorry,sad,sure+to do sth.beready,afraid,ableeasy,difficult3．作宾语补足语You must keep your eyes closed_when you do eye exercise.放在宾语之后。4．“the＋形容词”表示一类人或物。The poor dont have their own houses.常见形容词有good/ bad, rich/ poor, young/ old, deaf/ blind, black/ white, living/ dead 等。5．☆常见形容词词尾： -n ...的人-y 充满...的，多...的 -en ...材质的-al 有...属性的 -ern ...方位的-able 可能的，可以的 -ful ...的-less 无...的 Indian,American rainy,snowy wooden personal,natural eastern,southern confortable helpful ,useful careless,endlessanything else?注意：（1）有些形容词只能用作表语，不能作定语。这类形容词主要有afraid，alone，asleep，alive，awake，ill等。（2）有些以-ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词。如：friendly，lively，silly，lovely等。（3）以-ing结尾的形容词通常修饰物，以-ed结尾的形容词通常修饰人。 如：interesting(有趣的)，interested(感兴趣的) exciting(令人兴奋的)，excited（兴奋的）（4）常见形容词的近义词归类。large—big，glad—happy/pleased，clever—bright，dear—expensive，broken—worn out，hard—difficult，fine—well，ill—sick，nice—kind/fine/good/beautiful，alone—lonely词性变换frozen1.Mum has bought a lot of __________ food from the supermarket nearby. (freeze)2.I wont do business with such a(n) __________ man. (honest)3.The man was still __________ when he was sent to the hospital. (life)4.He went to Canada several years ago. Now he is a __________ citizen. (Canada)5.Drinking too much fruit juice can be ________ to children’s teeth. (harm)6.We have very ______________ weather here, especially in the winter. (change)7.We should save _____________ expenses. (necessary)8.Some parents choose ____________ presents for their children. (education)dishonestaliveCanadianharmfulchangeableunnecessaryeducational副词一、