智能组合梁Two finite elements for general composite beams with piezoelectric actuators and sensors.pdf

ARTICLE IN PRESS Finite Elements in Analysis and Design ( ) -- Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Finite Elements in Analysis and Design journal homepage: /locate/finel Two finite elements for general composite beams with piezoelectric actuators and sensors Maria Augusta Netoa, ∗ , Wenbin Yub , Sitikantha Royb a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Coimbra University, 3020 Coimbra, Portugal b Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, UT 30332-4130, USA A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Article history: Two finite elements for the static analysis of smart beams with piezoelectric sensors/actuators are pre- Received 21 January 2008 sented: ad hoc smart beam element (ADSBE) and variational asymptotic smart beam element (VASBE). Received in revised form 6 October 2008 Both elements rely on the computation of the cross-sectional matrices associated with the electrome- Accepted 13 October 2008 chanical properties of the beam cross-section. ADSBE uses the Timoshenko cross-sectional stiffness matrix computed by the VABS program, and the electric field is assumed constant across the thickness Keywords: Smart beams of each piezoelectric layer. Taking advantage of the cross-section discretization of the beam, all the Variational asymptotical meth