and用法专项解析.docVIP

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and用法专项解析

and 用法专项解析 河南 刘豫 and 是英语中极其普通的单词,但因其语义丰富,用法灵活,在考试中出现的频率较高。下面笔者仅就 and 用法与考题的链接情况作一分析,希望对同学们的学习有所帮助。 一、 and 的并列作用 1. and 用作连词,连接词、短语或句子,意为“和、与、及”,表示并列或对称的关系。例如: What he said and what he did have greatly encouraged his students. 他说的话和做的事极大地鼓舞了他的学生。 [考例] 1. The teacher said only a few students cheated in the exam and that _________ were honest. A. most B. the most C. most of them D. most of whom 析:此处 and 连接两个并列的宾语从句,所以排除 D 项;与 a few students 相对应的应为 most (students) 。故正确答案为 A 。 2. I lost my way in complete darkness and, _________ matters worse, it began to rain. A. made B. having made C. making D. to make 析:由题干中的 and 一词提供的信息可知, it began to rain 应与 and 前面的分句对等。 to make matters worse 是插入语,为固定搭配,意思为“情况更为糟糕的是”。故正确答案为 D 。 3. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and _________. A. hed like to collect coins as well B. he feels like collecting coins, too C. to collect coins is also his hobby D. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure 析:在 and 连接的并列句中,两个简单句的主语要保持一致的形式。动名词 fishing 和 collecting coins 分别作两个简单句的主语。故正确答案为 D 。 2. and 用作连词,对句中的时态起限制的作用。 and 连接并列成分,有时对句中所使用的动词时态影响很大。 [考例] 1. She set out soon after dark _________ home an hour later. A. arriving B. to arrive C. having arrived D. and arrived 析:从表面来看,该题似乎考查动词的非谓语形式,但实际上是考查动词与连词方面的知识。从题干中 after dark 和 an hour later 这两个关键词语可知,这里表达的是动作先后的并列关系。故正确答案为 D 。 2. On Saturday afternoon, Mrs Green went to the market, _________ some bananas and visited her cousin. A. bought B. buying C. to buy D. buy 析:从最后一个动作 and visited 可知,这是三个一连串的动作作并列谓语。前两个动词用逗号隔开,后两个动词用连词 and 连接。故正确答案为 A 。 二、 and 用在条件句中,也可以用来表示结果 此时 and 常见于固定句型“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”的结构中,该结构一般表示“如果……就……”。例如: Work hard and you will pass the exam successfully. 如果你勤奋刻苦就会顺利地通过考试。 使用该结构应注意以下三点: 1. 此结构中的祈使句可以转换为 if 引导的条件句,这时陈述句前的 and 应去掉。例如: Follow my instructions and you will succeed. = If you follow my instructions, you will succeed. 如果你照我的指示去做,你就会成功。 2. 该结构中的祈使句也可以是名词短语。例如: One more step and you are a dead man. 再往前走一步就要你的命。 3. 该结构中的 and 有时也用破折号代替。例如: Tr

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