and用法专项解析.docVIP

and 用法专项解析 河南 刘豫 and 是英语中极其普通的单词，但因其语义丰富，用法灵活，在考试中出现的频率较高。下面笔者仅就 and 用法与考题的链接情况作一分析，希望对同学们的学习有所帮助。 一、 and 的并列作用 1. and 用作连词，连接词、短语或句子，意为“和、与、及”，表示并列或对称的关系。例如： What he said and what he did have greatly encouraged his students. 他说的话和做的事极大地鼓舞了他的学生。 ［考例］ 1. The teacher said only a few students cheated in the exam and that _________ were honest. A. most B. the most C. most of them D. most of whom 析：此处 and 连接两个并列的宾语从句，所以排除 D 项；与 a few students 相对应的应为 most (students) 。故正确答案为 A 。 2. I lost my way in complete darkness and, _________ matters worse, it began to rain. A. made B. having made C. making D. to make 析：由题干中的 and 一词提供的信息可知， it began to rain 应与 and 前面的分句对等。 to make matters worse 是插入语，为固定搭配，意思为“情况更为糟糕的是”。故正确答案为 D 。 3. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and _________. A. hed like to collect coins as well B. he feels like collecting coins, too C. to collect coins is also his hobby D. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure 析：在 and 连接的并列句中，两个简单句的主语要保持一致的形式。动名词 fishing 和 collecting coins 分别作两个简单句的主语。故正确答案为 D 。 2. and 用作连词，对句中的时态起限制的作用。 and 连接并列成分，有时对句中所使用的动词时态影响很大。 ［考例］ 1. She set out soon after dark _________ home an hour later. A. arriving B. to arrive C. having arrived D. and arrived 析：从表面来看，该题似乎考查动词的非谓语形式，但实际上是考查动词与连词方面的知识。从题干中 after dark 和 an hour later 这两个关键词语可知，这里表达的是动作先后的并列关系。故正确答案为 D 。 2. On Saturday afternoon, Mrs Green went to the market, _________ some bananas and visited her cousin. A. bought B. buying C. to buy D. buy 析：从最后一个动作 and visited 可知，这是三个一连串的动作作并列谓语。前两个动词用逗号隔开，后两个动词用连词 and 连接。故正确答案为 A 。 二、 and 用在条件句中，也可以用来表示结果 此时 and 常见于固定句型“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”的结构中，该结构一般表示“如果……就……”。例如： Work hard and you will pass the exam successfully. 如果你勤奋刻苦就会顺利地通过考试。 使用该结构应注意以下三点： 1. 此结构中的祈使句可以转换为 if 引导的条件句，这时陈述句前的 and 应去掉。例如： Follow my instructions and you will succeed. = If you follow my instructions, you will succeed. 如果你照我的指示去做，你就会成功。 2. 该结构中的祈使句也可以是名词短语。例如： One more step and you are a dead man. 再往前走一步就要你的命。 3. 该结构中的 and 有时也用破折号代替。例如： Tr