analog设计经典书籍-Applying+Digital+Technology+to+pwm+loop.pdf

Applying Digital Technology to PWM Control-Loop Designs Mark Hagen and Vahid Yousefzadeh AbstrAct This topic discusses the application of digital-control to DC/DC-switching converters and how to model the digitally controlled system. The main blocks that appear in almost every digital controller—the error ADC, the compensator, and the digital PWM engine—are discussed and used to model small-signal characteristics such as frequency response, stability criteria, the effects of quantization, as well as the impact of sampling rate and delay introduced by the digital controller to the system. This model is extended to include nonlinear gain and its benefits. Finally, a graphical user interface is introduced and demonstrated for use with the design of a two-phase synchronous-buck converter. I. IntroductIon regulation. Fig. 1 shows a typical analog controller that uses analog feedback to provide output voltage Switch-mode power-supply (SMPS) converters regulation. find use in a wide variety of applications, ranging Over the past few decades, digital controllers from a fraction of a milliwatt in on-chip power in the form of digital-signal processors (DSPs), management to hundreds of megawatts in power microcontrollers, and field-programmable gate systems. All of these applications require efficient arrays (FPGAs) have seen extensive