超低功耗采集系统与结构设计及性能分析论文.doc

摘 要 以嵌入式计算机为核心的数据采集系统在测控领域中占了统治地位。数据采集是将现场采集到的数据进行处理、存储显示、传输等操作。数据采集系统的主要功能是把模拟信号变成数字信号，并进行分析、处理、存储和显示。?? 本论文工作所开发研制的数据采集系统运用最小功耗设计理论设计，可以在电池供电的情况下长期采集和记录数据，可长时间处于工作状态。嵌入式系统的低功耗设计需要全面分析各方面因素，统筹规划。在设计之初，各个因素往往是相互制约、相互影响的，一个降低系统功耗的措施有时会带来其他方面的“负效应”。因此，降低系统整体功耗，需要仔细分析和计算。 关键字：单片机，低功耗，数据采集，定时 AbstractThe data acquisition system which regard embedded computer as the core has become a dominant position in the field of measurement and control. Data acquisition is the process of scene sensor to collect the data processing, storage, display, transmission, analysis and processing.The main purpose of the data acquisition system is convicte the analog signals into the digital signals and carries on the digitals, processing, storage and display. The purposes of this thesis is data acquisition system which is designed by the theory of the minimum power consumption to make the system working longer in the same situation. Low power consumption of embedded system design is being paid more and more attention and consumption which has become a key indicators of performance evaluation system. Low power design in embedded system need a comprehensive analysis of all factors overall planning. At the beginning of the design, various factors are often interacting, mutual influence,for example, a lower system power consumption measures will sometimes bring other aspects which is called the negative effect. Therefore, careful analysis and calculation is needed in reducing overall system power consumption. Keywords: MCU,Low power consumption, Data acquisition, Timing 目 录 前 言 1 1. 绪论 2 1.1 引言 2 1.2 课题研究背景、目的及意义 2 1.3 超低功耗采集系统的发展 2 1.4 本设计主要任务 2 2. 论文概述 3 2.1 硬件设计概述 3 2.2 应用软件设计概述 3 2.2.1 低功耗软件设计方案 3 3. 系统的低功耗硬件设计 5 3.1 系统硬件设计思路 5 3.2 各硬件模块的选型 5 3.2.1 低功耗单片机的选型 5 3.2.2 其他模块选型 7 3.3各硬件模块的选型 7 3.3.1 MSP430F系列单片机 7 3.3.2 压力传感器介绍 10 3.3.3 低功耗放大器INA122介绍 13 3.3.4 LCD1602介绍 14 3.3.5 电池的选择 15 3.3.6 nRF24L01介绍 15 3.4 电池供电电路设计 17 3.5 硬件原理 17 3.5.1 电源电路 18 3.5.2 复位电路 19 3.5.3 传感器电路 20 3.5.4 晶振电路 20