[考研英语]学术英语 科技文写作 概论.ppt

Scientific Writing General Knowledge Overview What is a scientific paper? A scientific paper is a written report describing original research results. Papers are a central part of research. Structure of a Scientific Paper A scientific paper should have, in proper order: Title, Author’s name, Abstract and Key words, Body Acknowledgements (selective) References Appendix (selective) Body Introduction, Background Materials and Methods (Experiments), Results, Discussion,Conclusions Title and Author’s Name Title The title should contain three elements: 1. the name of the organism studied; 2. the particular aspect or system studied; 3. the variables manipulated. Tips for writing a Title less than ten words The title is written in the middle of the first line, also can be written in two or three lines if it is longer. The title should be noun phrase or noun expression Using v.ing for necessary uses of Verbs. Should reflect the factual content of the paper Be Straightforward Let the Titles first word be a key word if you can The Title should be short, it also should not be general. Compare: “Study on Anti-microbial Agents. Effects of a Variety of Anti-microbial Agents on Four Bacterial Cultures Examples THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON GERMINATION OF CORN DOES TEMPERATURE AFFECT GERMINATION OF CORN? TEMPERATURE AND CORN GERMINATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR AGRICULTURE Author’s Name Format for foreign journals: Given Name + Family Name Chinese requirement: follow the order of Pingyin e.g. Li Xue More than one people: one space /comma between the two names Abstract It should contain these four elements: 1. Background the purpose of the study (the central question or principal purpose); 2. a brief statement of what was done (Methods); 3. a brief statement of what was found (Results); 4. a brief statement of what was concluded (Conclusions and Recommendation). The Length of the Abstract 100250 words (say about 15 sentences) for