Web信息体系结构 MIW_Chapter_2.pptVIP

Basic WWW Technologies 2.1 Web Documents.2.2 Resource Identifiers: URI, URL, and URN.2.3 Protocols. Quiz What happens when a url entered in browser? What Is the World Wide Web? The world wide web (web) is a network of information resources. The web relies on three mechanisms to make these resources readily available to the widest possible audience: 1. A uniform naming scheme for locating resources on the web (e.g., URIs). 2. Protocols, for access to named resources over the web (e.g., HTTP). 3. Hypertext, for easy navigation among resources (e.g., HTML). Internet vs. Web Internet: Internet is a more general term Includes physical aspect of underlying networks and mechanisms such as email, FTP, HTTP… Web: Associated with information stored on the Internet Refers to a broader class of networks, i.e. Web of English Literature Both Internet and web are networks Essential Components of WWW Resources: Conceptual mappings to concrete or abstract entities, which do not change in the short term ex: ICS website (web pages and other kinds of files) Resource identifiers (hyperlinks): Strings of characters represent generalized addresses that may contain instructions for accessing the identified resource is used to identify the ICS homepage Transfer protocols: Conventions that regulate the communication between a browser (web user agent) and a server Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) Based on GML (generalized markup language), developed by IBM in the 1960s An international standard (ISO 8879:1986) defines how descriptive markup should be embedded in a document Gave birth to the extensible markup language (XML), W3C recommendation in 1998 SGML Components SGML documents have three parts: Declaration: specifies which characters and delimiters may appear in the application DTD/ style sheet: defines the syntax of markup constructs Document instance: actual text (with the tag) of the documents More info could be found: http://www.W3.Org/markup/SGML DTD Exam