刘挚与北宋中后期的党争研究Study on the party Liu Zhi and the Northern Song Dynasty in the late.pdfVIP

Classified Index: CODE: 10075 U.D.C.: NO: 034021 A Dissertation for the Degree of M. History The Study on Liu Zhi and Cliquey Conflict in the Late Mid－Northern Song Dynasty Candidate: Zhang Xin Prof. Wang Lingling Supervisor: Prof. Jiang Xidong Specialty: Ancient History of China Academic Degree Applied for: Master of History University: Hebei University Date of Oral Examination: June, 2006 摘 要 摘 要 熙丰、元祐时期是北宋政坛动荡不安的时期，其焦点是围绕着王安石变法展开了变 法与反变法的斗争，一直持续到北宋灭亡。刘挚的仕途生涯主要在这一时期度过。本文 即在这一历史背景下对刘挚的政治态度和活动进行探讨的个案研究。 刘挚担任监察御史里行时正是变法全面展开之时，刘挚对变法措施、变法人物提出 反对意见，遭到变法派的打击，被罢去御史之职，刘挚反对新法，其原因除了思想观念 与变法派的明显不同，还包括地域（南北经济差别）、职业操守、意气之争等因素。 刘挚作为反对变法的强硬分子，为“元祐更化”的实现发挥了重要的作用，他本人 也一路攀升，担任尚书右僕射兼中书侍郎。期间，元祐党内部出现分裂，不但形成朔、 蜀、洛党的纷争，更有宰执与台谏之间的冲突，而刘挚一再为台谏撑腰，被视为朔党领 袖，后因朋党嫌疑而落职。 朋党在传统政治观念中具有明显的贬义色彩，刘挚却因坚持君子和小人之辨而在行 动中体现出党同伐异的倾向，从而被视为朋党。本文还对刘挚在党争中存在的观念与行 为的反差现象进行了分析。 关键词：刘挚 党争 朔党 王安石变法 I Abstract Abstract From Xi Feng to Yuan You, it was a period that was queasy and troublsome in Northern Song Dynasty. The main problem focused on the conflict between pros and cons to Wang-Anshi reform. The conflict lasted over a long period of time and did not finished unit the end of Northern Song Dynasty. Liu Zhi spent his official life during that time. This article was on L