[理学]2物流系统工程-2.pptVIP

物流系统的分析与组织Analyzing and Organizing Logistics Systems主讲教师：梅镇 学习目标Learning Objectives 考察系统分析中的问题与机遇 To examine the problems and opportunities involved in systems analysis 讨论部分系统分析及其若干例子 To discuss partial systems analysis, and several representative examples 讨论综合系统分析及各种审核 To discuss comprehensive systems analysis, and various audits 学习目标Learning Objectives 区分分散的物流结构与统一的物流结构 To distinguish between fragmented and unified logistics structures 区分集权型物流组织与分权型物流组织 To distinguish between centralized and decentralized logistics organizations 区分公司内部物流与物流外包活动 To distinguish between logistics within the firm and outsourcing logistics activities 什么是系统分析What is Systems Analysis? 本文所述系统分析（Systems Analysis）意指有次序和有计划地观察物流网络或供应链的一个或多个部分，以确定各部分或整个系统的运行状态。 （Systems analysis refers to the orderly and planned observation of one or more segments in the logistics network or supply chain to determine how well each segment functions） 一般问题General Questions 为什么要进行每项工作？ Why do we perform each task? 工作能带来什么价值？ What value is added by it? 为什么要按照现有的程序进行这些工作? Why are the tasks performed in the order they are? 一般问题General Questions 能否改变作业步骤以提高效率？ Can we alter the sequence of the processing steps to increase efficiency? 为什么要由某小组或个人来完成这些工作? Why are the tasks performed by a particular group or individual? 还有更好的系统运行方式吗? Is there a better way for the system to operate? 图 14-2: 物流规划或战略研究打分表A Scoring Checklist 系统分析中的问题与机遇Problems and Opportunities in Systems Analysis 摩擦（Friction） 权衡（Trade-offs） 评估（Evaluation） 数量分析（Quantitative analysis） 行业系统分析（Industry systems analysis） 部分系统分析（1）Partial Systems Analysis 顾客收益率分析 Customer Profitability Analysis 收入和成本分配 Allocation of revenues and costs 作业成本分析法 Activity-based costing 区别不同组群顾客 To identify different groups of customers 部分系统分析Partial Systems Analysis 仓储生产率分析 Warehousing Productivity Analysis 生产率 = 输出 / 输入 Productivity = output / input 基准目标 Benchmarking 并非总是显著投资 Not alwa