不定式讲习.ppt

Grammar The Infinitive 1）作主语 To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. To lose your heart means failure. 2）作表语： Her job is to clean the hall. He appears to have caught a cold. He offered to help me. I can’t afford to buy a car. Children love to listen to fairy tales. She found it difficult to answer the question. He feels it his duty to help others. 常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有： want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 4）作宾语补足语： What decided him to give up the job? We would like you to have the opportunity to go abroad. My teacher asked me to finish my homework right now. They invited us to attend the meeting. 常与不定式作宾语补足语连用的动词有： want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite. make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to, 如： I saw him cross the road. He was seen to cross the road. 5) 作定语： 动词不定式用作定语，通常置于其修饰的名词或代词之后，与其所修饰的名词或代词可能是主谓关系也可能是动宾关系。 The next train to arrive is from New York. He was always the first person to leave. He has too many things to do. I have nothing to say on this question. 6）作状语： A）表目的： He worked day and night to get the money. She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. 注意不定式作定语放于句首时，不定式的逻辑主语与句子主语要一致： To save money, every means has been tried. To save money, he has tried every means. To learn English well, a dictionary is needed. To learn English well, he needs a dictionary. B）表结果： He arrived late to find the train gone. 常用only放在不定式前表示强调： I visited him only to find him out. * * * * * * * * * * * * 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词，它有两种形式： to＋动词原形 省略to，直接使用动词原形 动词不定式仍属于动词，所以它本身有时态和语态的变化，也可以带宾语和状语，构成不定式短语。 动词不定式短语在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾补。　　 To swim in the sea is great fun. It is great fun to swim in the sea. I meant to help you but I was too busy. I can’t afford to buy a car. The guard forbade me to enter. I noticed tears come into his e