桩基础试验手册c-6.pdfVIP

EM 1110-2-2906 15 Jan 91 CHAPTER 6 FIELD PILE TESTS 6-1. General. a. A field pile test program will generally consist of two types of pro- cedures: load tests to determine the load capacity of service piles; and driving selected types of piles with selected types of hammers and recording data on driveability. These tests may be conducted separately or, as is more common, concurrently. The latter can be accomplished by simply recording the necessary data during the driving of the piles that will be load tested. Field pile tests are performed to verify or predict driving conditions and/or load capacity of service piles at the construction site. Verification is the process of test driving and loading the designated piles to predetermined static loads to confirm prior design capacity calculations that were based on static or dynamic type equations, previous experience, or empirical methods. This process is used primarily only to confirm the load capacity and drive- ability of the selected pile as service piles. Prediction is the process of test driving various piles or of loading test piles in increments to failure to determine the length, type, and ultimate capacity of the service piles at the construction site. Prediction tests differ from the verification process in that these tests will be utilized for design purposes. Therefore, the final pile size, type, and lengths generally have not yet been determined when these tests are conducted. Prediction type tests are more common to large or major structures where changes in pile lengths, size, type, or method of installation could result in significant economic savings due to the large number of piles involved. b. A field load test on test piles may consist of two types,