英美概况 课件chapter2.docVIP

CHAPTER2 GEOGRAPHY OF THE UNITED KINGDOM Different Names for UK and its Parts1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England. British Isles: the main land, Britain; part of the Irish island; and a host of nearby smaller islands. Great Britain: England, Wales, and Scotland. England: one of several separated political entities. 2. Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. In political sense, UK also includes the many islands around Britain and the few remnants of the British Empire, such as the British Virgin Islands or the British region of Antarctica. 3. Three political divisions on the main island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wales.(1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section.(2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh (3) Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Capital: Cardiff (4) Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast.4. The Commonwealth (of nations): It is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. It was founded in 1931, and has 50 member countries until 1991. II. Geographical Features 英国的地理特征 1.Geographical position of Britain:Britain is an island country surrounded by the sea. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east. 2.The north and west of Britain are mainly highlands; and the east and southeast are mostly lowlands.III. Rivers and Lakes 河流与湖泊 Ben Nevis is the highest mountain in Britain (1,343m).Severn River is the longest river in Britain (338km).Thames River is the second longest and most important river in Britain. (336km).Lough Neagh is the largest lake in Britain w