[医学]Chap16 lipids class 2010.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Thus when soap dissolves in water, the nonpolar “tails” avoid water contact by formation of a “fluid” structure called a micelle. Only the - carboxyl groups are exposed to solvent (H2O). * Thus when soap dissolves in water, the nonpolar “tails” avoid water contact by formation of a “fluid” structure called a micelle. Only the - carboxyl groups are exposed to solvent (H2O). * Thus when soap dissolves in water, the nonpolar “tails” avoid water contact by formation of a “fluid” structure called a micelle. Only the - carboxyl groups are exposed to solvent (H2O). * * * * * * 3. Cholesterol (Cholesterin) Cholesterol was found in 1770. It has 8 chiral carbon atoms. The content in human body is 250g/75kg man. The presence of the hydroxyl group makes cholesterol amphipathic. * * * * * * * * * * Cholesterol decreases membrane fluidity and broadens the temperature range of melting of membranes by interfering with the orderly packing of lipid fatty acid side chains. * Cholesterol Reduces permeability Decreases fluidity , but increases fluidity at cool temperatures Hydrophobic lipid Located within lipid bilayer cholesterol decreases fluidity because it restricts the movement of the hydrocarbon chains. * Cholesterol is the precursor to a variety of steroid hormones. 孕烯醇酮 孕酮 * * ultraviolet Vitamin D3 7-dehydrocholesterol ultraviolet ergosterol麦角甾醇 Vitamin D2 * Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is produced in the skin when 7-dehydrocholesterol is exposed to UV radiation. Vitamin D3 is then further transformed into a hormone that regulates calcium uptake and utilization. Rickets，佝偻病 * ?-Sitosterol，?-谷固醇，?-谷甾醇 Cholesterol β-sitosterol reduces blood levels of cholesterol, and is sometimes used in treating hypercholesterolemia * 3. Cholic acid Cholic acid glycocholic acid Deoxycholic acid (