心理学论文外文翻译.docx

A NEW TEST TO MEASURE EMOTION RECOGNITION ABILITY: MATSUMOTO AND EKMAN’S JAPANESE AND CAUCASIAN BRIEF AFFECT RECOGNITION TEST (JACBART)ABSTRACT: In this article, we report the development of a new test designed to measure individual differences in emotion recognition ability(ERA), five studies examining the reliability and validity of the scores produced using this test, and the first evidence for a correlation between ERA measured by a standardized test and personality. Utilizing Matsumoto and Ekman’s (1988) Japanese and Caucasian Facial Expressions of Emotion (JACFEE) and Neutral Faces (JACNeuF), we call this measure the Japanese and Caucasian Brief Affect Recognition Test (JACBART). The JACBART improves on previous measures of ERA by (1) using expressions that have substantial validity and reliability data associated with them, (2) including posers of two visibly different races (3) balanced across seven universal emotions (4) with equal distribution of poser race and sex across emotions (5) in a format that eliminates afterimages associated with fast exposures. Scores derived using the JACBART are reliable, and three studies demonstrated a correlation between ERA and the personality constructs of Openness and Conscientiousness, while one study reports a correlation with Extraversion and Neuroticism.Research on judgments of emotion from facial expressions has a long and important history in psychology, and has contributed greatly to the literature concerning the universality of emotion, and to knowledge concerning differences between gender, ethnicity, culture, and psychiatric status. Studies examining the relationship between individual differences in judgments of emotion (hereon referred to as Emotion Recognition Ability—ERA) and personality also have a considerable history, but is checkered with inconsistent findings. On one hand, ERA has been correlated with emotional expression (e.g., Lanzetta Kleck, 1970; Levy, 1964; Zuckerman, Hall, DeFrank, Rosentha