专用车床控制系统设计论文.docVIP

专用车床控制系统设计 摘要 机械自动化是当代加工机械发展的必然趋势,也是我国机械发展的必由之路。本文设计的专用车床控制系统主要用于批量加工零件，其主机由床身、料斗、送料机构、定位机构、夹紧机构、动力箱、液压滑台、刀架及卸料机构等组成，可以实现手动调整和自动循环两种工作方式，控制系统自动检测料斗是否有料（待加工工件），若无料，则报警，若有料，车床自动进入工作循环。 本文设计的是专用车床的液压系统，包括液压系统的回路设计和控制程序设计。回路设计部分主要包括送料-定位-夹紧-主轴转动-滑台快进-一工进-二工进-死挡铁停留-快退-松开工件-卸料液压控制回路，并进行了标准元件的选择和非标准元件液压缸的设计。在设计过程中最主要的是元件参数的计算，设计液压缸的结构并采用AUTOCAD绘制其装配图。在控制方面，采用PLC编程软件，包括手动调整和自动循环两种工作方式，应用变频器实现自动调速功能，选用电动刀架实现了自动换刀。系统在启动后既可以自动进入工作循环，并且出现故障时或缺料时蜂鸣报警，满足了专用车床自动、批量加工零件的要求。 关键词:专用车床；液压系统；PLC控制 EXCLUSIVE LATHE CONTROL SYSTEM DESIGN Abstract Machinery automation is the inevitable trend of the development of contemporary processing machinery, which is also the only way for the development of Chinas machinery. The lathe control system for exclusive use designed in this paper is mainly used for batch processing of various parts. The mainframe is composed of the bed, hopper feed mechanism, positioning mechanism, the clamping mechanism, power boxes, hydraulic slide, turret and unloading institutions. Both manual regulations and automatic cycling can be achieved. Control system automatically detects the hopper (the work pieces to be processed). If there is no material in it, there will be alarm, if there is, the lathe automatically enter the work cycle. This paper designs a hydraulic system of a lathe for exclusive use, including the circuit design of the hydraulic system and control procedures. The circuit design mainly consists of feeding - positioning - clamping - spindle rotation – slip-table moving forward – the first feeding -the second feeding – slip-table blocking iron staying – backing up - releasing the work pieces - discharging hydraulic control circuit. At the same time, standard component selection and non-standard components of the hydraulic cylinder design have been achieved. The most important thing is the calculation of the component parameters and the design of hydraulic cylinders structure and then makes the assembly drawing with AUTOCAD. As for the control system, the