[英语]主谓一致.doc

主谓一致( Subject-Verb Concord ) 主谓一致( Subject-Verb Concord ) 1、语法一致 2、意义一致 3、就近原则。 语法一致 主谓一致的原则是指，主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致：主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语亦采取复数形式。例如： A grammar book helps you learn something about the rules of a language. （主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式） 语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则。 Grammar books help you learn something about the rules of a language. （主语是复数形式，谓语也采取复数形式） 语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则 1、不定式、动名词、以及从句作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。例如： Reading often means learning .读书常意味是学习。 To read English aloud every morning does you a lot of good. 每天早晨朗读英语有许多好处。 What he said has been recorded .他说的话已被录音了。 2、不定代词one, every, each, everybody, everyone, one of, no one, nothing, nobody, someone, somebody, either, neither, many a 等作主语或是修饰主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。例如： Neither of my sisters likes sports .我的妹妹中没人喜欢运动。 Many a student takes a walk on campus after dinner.许多学生晚饭后常在校园里散步。 Every boy and girl shows great interest in extra-curriculum activities 每个男孩和女孩对课外活动都表现出很大的兴趣。 3、表示国家、机构、事件、作品等名称的专有名词作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。例如： One Thousand And One Nights tells people lots of mysterious bits of folklore . 《一千零一夜》给人们讲了许多神秘的民间传说。 The United States is leading the world in science and technology . 美国常在世界科技方面领先。 The United Nations play an important role in the international affairs . 联合国在国际事务中起着重要作用。 4、a portion, a series of, a kind of, the number of等与名词构成名词短语作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。例如： A series of high technology products has been laid out in the exhibition. 一系列高科技产品已在展览上展出。 The number of printing mistakes in some recent books often surprises people even to death. 近来一些书籍里印刷错误的数量让人吃惊得要命。 A substantial portion of the reports is missing .这些报告都没有提及实质问题。 A kind of rose in the garden smells very pleasant.这座花园里有一种玫瑰香气怡人。 5、由some, several, both, few, many, a number of 等词修饰主语、或是由它们自身作主语时应看作复数，谓语动词用复数。另外，由and连接两个主语时，谓语一般用复数。例如： On the seashore, some people are playing volleyball and some are lying in the sun. 海边，有些人在打排球，有些人躺着晒太阳。 Both of us are fond of watching football games .我们俩都喜欢看足球赛。 A number of will-be graduates are voluntarily going to work in the We