四级动词不定式用法荟萃.docVIP

四级冲刺--动词不定式的用法荟萃 　　不定式是历次大学英语四级考试必考的内容。不定式在句子中可做 　　主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补语。 　　1)不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。 　　 　2)不定式作表语常表示将来的动作，主语常常是表示意向、打算、计划的词，如wish, idea, task, purpose, duty, job等。 　　【例如】 　　The most important thing for one’s health is to have plenty of exercise. 　　3)不定式作宾语不定式常在下列动词后面作宾语： 　　afford, agree, apply, arrange, ask, attempt, beg, begin, care, choose, claim, consent, demand, decide, desire, determine, expect, fail, hope, hesitate, hate, intend, learn, like, manage, mean, neglect, offer, plan, prepare pretend, promise, refuse, resolve, seek, tend, threaten, want等。 　　【例如】 　　I like to go out for walks in the warm sunshine in spring. 　　There is a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means( )trouble. (CET-4 1997, 1) 　　A) making B) to make 　　C) to have made D)shaving made 　　mean后面一般加不定式，所以A和D可以排除。根据句意，他看起来非常生气，他想找麻烦，不定式的动作还没有实施，应用一般式， 因此答案为B。不定式作宾语还常用在下面结构中；主语＋动词＋it＋形容词＋不定式。 　　【例如】 　　We found it impossible to get everything ready in time. 　　I think it important to learn English well in college. 　　使用这种句型的常见动词有：believe, consider, declare, feel, 　　find, guess, imagine, prove, realize, suppose, think,等。 　　4)“wh word＋不定式”结构不定式前加一个疑问代词(what, which, who, whom, whose)或疑问副词(where, when, how, why)，以及连词whether构成特殊的不定式短语，其作用相当于一个从句，这样的不定式短语常在某些动词后面作宾语。 　　常见的可以接这种不定式短语的动词有： 　　know, see, decide, tell, ask, consider, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, hear, imagine, inquire, learn, observe, perceive, remember, think, understand, wonder等。 　　【例如】 I couldn’t decide which book to choose. I can tell you where to get this book. They found it hard to decide whether to go swimming next Sunday or to visit Aunt Sally in New Year.“ whword+不定式”结构除了作宾语外，还可以在句中作主语或者表语。 　　【例如】 　　When to start the program remains undecided. 　　The question is how to put the plan into practice. 　　5)不定式作状语 　　a)不定式作状语表示目的。或用于so as和in order之后，来强调这种目的。 　　【例如】 　　To learn a foreign language well, you must make painstaking efforts. 　　Mother saved every cent she could spare to pay for my scho