[文学]专业四级--语法词汇.doc

专业四级考前恶补--语法词汇集体名词作主语主谓一致1)通常作复数的集体名词集体名词，如：police, people, cattle, militia, poultry等，通常作复数，用复数动词。如：Domestic cattle provide us with milk, beef and hides.2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词有些集体名词，如foliage, machinery, equipment, furniture, merchandise,通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。例如：All the machinery in the factory is made in China.3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词集体名词，如audience, committee, class, crew, family, public, government等，既可作单数，也可作复数用。The city council is meeting to set its agenda.4) a committee, etc. of +复数名词如果主语是由“a committee of /a panel of /a board of +复数名词”构成，随后的动词通常用单数。例如：A committee of five men and three women is to consider the matter.近义词辨析tired, exhausted, fatigued, weary, worn-out这组词均含有“疲惫的”的意思。tired可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息，还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣。Henry was so tired that he went to bed immediately after he got home.亨利很疲惫，一到家就上床睡觉去了。exhausted 表达的疲惫程度最强，指因劳累过度而精疲力竭。The exhausted engineer fell asleep on the bus.精疲力竭的工程师在公共汽车上睡着了。fatigued 所表达的疲劳程度比tired和weary强，表示由于过度劳累而引起疲乏，不能再继续下去。He felt fatigued and didn’t want to say a single word.他疲惫不堪，不想说一句话。weary 语气比tired强，指由于长时间努力工作或由于做单一的事而引起疲倦。After a long and weary wait, the plane finally came to take them back.经过漫长而又令人疲乏的等待后，飞机终于来接他们回去了。wornout 这个词不太正式，多用于口语。The troops were wornout after winning the battle.战后,部队疲惫不堪。全真模拟试题1. Although ______ Spanish, he attended the course.A. he was knowing? ? ? B. he is knowingC. having a knowledge of? D. knows2. You ______that letter to James. However, you didn’t.A. ought to write? ? ? ? B. ought to have writtenC. should write D. should be writing3. Joseph was very lucky ______ with his life; he almost did not get out of the room.A. to escape? B. to have escapedC. to escaping? D. to be escaping4. Bread and butter ______liked by Westerners.A. is? ? ? B. are? ? ? C. were? ? D. be5. The back garden of our house contains a lawn, ______very pleasant to sit on in summer.A. which is? B. which it is? C. it is? D.? where it is6. He set up in business ______ his own