英语翻译课件省译法.ppt

翻译理论与实践 英译汉常用的方法和技巧:(4) 减词译法/省译法 (Omission) 试译以下句子: 1. If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 2. There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, the grass was dead. 3. We should gradually eliminate the differences between town and country. 4. Applicants who have worked at a job will receive preference over those who have not. 5. He put his hands into his pockets and then shrugged his shoulders. 6. You cannot build a ship, a bridge or a house if you don’t know how to make a design or how to read it. 7. 她不来, 我不走。 8. 群众齐心了,一切事情都好办。 试译以下句子: 1. If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 冬天来了。春天还会远吗？ 2. There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, the grass was dead. 天未下雪，但叶落草枯。 3. We should gradually eliminate the differences between town and country. 我们应当逐步消灭城乡差别。 4. Applicants who have worked at a job will receive preference over those who have not. 求职者中，有工作经验者将优先录用。 5. He put his hands into his pockets and then shrugged his shoulders. 他双手插进口袋，然后耸了耸肩。 6. You cannot build a ship, a bridge or a house if you don’t know how to make a design or how to read it. 不会制图或看不懂图纸，就不可能造船、架桥或盖房子。 7. 她不来, 我不走。 I shall not go until she comes. 8. 群众齐心了,一切事情都好办。 When the masses are of one heart, everything becomes easy. 和其他事物一样，翻译也是有增必有减。省译法/减译法是增译法的反面。 就同一个译例来说, 英译汉如果用增译法, 汉译英则应用省译法， 反之亦然。 The lion is the king of animals. 狮子是百兽之王。 If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 冬天来了，春天还会远吗？ I don’t like soft drinks. 我不爱喝饮料。 所谓省译法,是指不译出原文中的某些词, 因为译文中虽无其词已有其义或在译文中是不言而喻的。但是省译决不是删去原文的某些思想内容。 其实,省译就是把原文中需要而在译文中不需要的词在翻译过程中加以省略。这省略一般是出于译文语法和习惯表达法的需要。 汉语没有冠词，代词（尤其是人称代词、关系代词）、连词、介词用得也远比英语少。因此，英译汉时，减译自然就必不可少了。 汉语里无主语的句子相当多,而英语则不同,句子一般都需要有主语。 I was very glad to have received your letter. 收到你的来信，非常高兴。 汉语很多时候需要靠加词来说明，而英语则更多靠一个词的内在含义。 财政赤字 → （financial） deficit 广大群众 → （broad） masses 省译法/减译法 1、主语的省译 2、宾语的省译 3、定语的省译 4、连接词的省译 5、冠词的省译 6、介词的省译 7、其他 省译法（主语的省译） 一般来说，句子的主语是要译出来的。但有时为了使译文前后句子意思紧凑或者为了使译文前后句子主语能清楚表达出来，就要省译主语。 Afte