[理学]Raman.ppt

Chemical Mapping Focus laser to small spot. Tune spectrometer to particular Raman transition peak. Raster scan the sample under the laser beam, record intensity changes. Resultant map correlates with substance. Acquire an entire spectrum at every point, then choose the feature with which to key the image. Motorized stage from Renishaw for chemical mapping. This is a drug tablet. The yellow corresponds to the active ingredient. Particles are in the 10’s of μm range. Chemical Imaging Now defocus the laser (not a small spot but rather “baths” the sample in laser radiation). Pass the emitted radiation through a narrow bandpass filter, adjusted to a particular wavelength, chosen to be a certain Raman band. Focus this light on the CCD camera. Bright regions correspond to locations of substance giving rise to Raman signal. Mixture of cocaine and sugar. Bright spots are cocaine. Applications - Art Restoration This12 century fresco on a church wall in Italy needed to be restored. What paints to use? Raman analysis clearly identified the paints and pigments that were originally present, permitting a correct choice of cleaning materials and subsequent repainting to restore its original condition. Applications - Paint Chips Forensic analysis of paint chips in vehicle accidents. Often multiple layers. Can analyze with IR by stripping successive layers. Image edge with microRaman. Layers 1 and 3 turned out to be rutile phase TiO2 - a white paint. Layer 2 was a Goethite, a red pigment and corrosion inhibitor. Layer 4 was molybdate orange, a common red paint in the 70’s in North America and still used in the U.K. today. Layer 5 was a silicate based paint. Data arising from a case investigated by LAPD. Applications - Gem Forgery In 1999 a new process was developed – called GE POL – whereby brown type IIa diamonds could be treated to become indistinguishable from naturally clear diamonds. Raman presented way to distinguish them. Naturally clear diamond Originally br