Evolutionary Psychology and Gender Development：进化心理学和性别发展.ppt

Evolutionary Psychology and Gender Development /watch?v=9sORv1odSyQ Review: What is gender? Evolutionary speaking, why is this? What is natural selection? What determines biological sex? Prenatal development 4th and 5th prenatal month Male’s greater testosterone and female’s ovarian hormones impact brain wiring Brain Modules /resources/series142.html?pop=yespid=1571# Gender Development and Social Influence Research linked to male/female differences in brain areas with abundant sex hormone receptors during development Ex: adulthood: frontal lobes involved in verbal fluency are thicker in ___________ and part of parietal cortex involved in space perception is thicker in ______________ Gender roles in development Biopsychosocial approach gender is a social construct Culture shapes our roles Role is a cluster of prescribed actions So what is a gender role? Our expectations about the way men and women behave What gender roles do you see? How did we get here? Hunter/gatherers Little division of labor by sex Boys and girls receive same or different upbringing? Agricultural Societies Women stayed close to home Men often roam more freely Conclusions? Over time, societies typically socialize children into more distinct gender roles Social learning theory Assumes that children are gender linked by OBSERVING and IMITATING significant others Rewarded and punished – What does the father say to his son who was in a fight? What does the father say to his daughter who was in a fight? Society assigns each of us to a category of male and female Gender identity: sense of being male or female Gender typed: acquiring a traditional male or female role Gender schema: What it MEANS to be male or female Humans adjust their behavior accordingly Princess Boy /Nightline/video/princess-boy-transgender-kids-primetime-nightline Sexual Identity Goes Awry /videos/1099/sexual-identity-goes-awry * *