PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS THEORIES OF EDUCATION：教育的哲学基础与理论.ppt

PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS THEORIES OF EDUCATION Philosophy ? ? set of ideas about The nature of reality The meaning of life Describe your current personal philosophy of education THE PURPOSE OF EDUCATION What do you think the purpose of education is? To give knowledge To transmit culture To help people adapt to society To give religious education To provide practical/hands-on experience/training To provide learner/human-centered education (self-realization) etc (your view) … Why do some parents choose or reject certain schools? Philosophy influences daily educational life in many ways (curriculum, teacher role, assessment, teaching methods..) FOUR PRIMARY EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHIES IDEALISM ( Plato) GENERIC NOTIONS: Reality is an unchanging world of perfect ideas and universal truths (metaphysics) Reality is made up of absolute truths. (religious education programs) To Plato, truth is perfect and eternal and not found in the world matter. Meaning is in the ideals of life itself. We can’t rely on our senses as they deceive us. (Criticism) a “truth” sometimes is only in the eye of the beholder. Knowledge is obtained when ideas are brought into consciousness through self-examination and discourse (epistemology) Searching for truth through Socratic questioning/ dialectic – questioning individual’s point of view (using inductive reasoning, authority lecturing) Wisdom of goodness; discipline, order, self-control; preservation of cultural heritage of the past (Axiology) Goal of Education Educators are interested in the search for truth through ideas rather than through the examination of the false shadowy world of matter. They encourage students to search for truth as individuals. Education is transformation: ideas can change lives. Role of Teacher Dealing with abstract notions through dialectic method connecting analysis with action Active, posing questions, selecting materials and establishing an environment to ensure the