突破考研英语高分之剖析状语从句.docVIP

突破考研英语高分之剖析状语从句 2009-11-22 16:31 1.There is a virtual limit on how long we can hope to remain alive，however lucky and robust we are。 　　[参考译文] 不管我们多么幸运，多么健壮，我们所希望的长寿年龄实际上是有限度的。 　　[结构分析] 该句分为两部分：(There is a virtual limit on how long we can hope to remain alive, ) (however lucky and robust we are。)，第一部分是主句，第二部分是however引导的让步状语从句；主句中on…alive是介词短语，作limit的后置定语，how引导的从句是介词on的宾语，该从句的主语是we，谓语是can hope to remain，表语是alive；让步状语从句的主语是we，谓语是are，表语是lucky and robust。这句话翻译时也要将从句提前，然后再译主句。 　　[知识链接] virtual实际的；remain保持；a limit on…对……有限制；alive活着的；lucky幸运的；robust健壮的。 　　2. While formal learning is transmitted by teachers selected to perform this role, informal learning is acquired as a natural part of a childs development。 　　[参考译文] 尽管正式的学习过程是由挑选出来担当此角色的教师来进行的，非正式的学习过程却是作为孩子成长的自然一部分而完成的。 　　[结构分析] 该句可拆分为两部分，(While formal learning is transmitted by teachers selected to perform this role,) (informal learning is acquired as a natural part of a childs development. )，第一部分是While引导的让步状语从句，第二部分是主句；从句中，formal learning是主语，谓语是is transmitted，过去分词selected作teachers的后置定语，是不定式to perform this role作selected的目的状语；主句中，informal learning是主语，谓语是is acquired，介词短语as a natural part of a childs development作acquired的结果状语。 　　[知识链接] while尽管，虽然；formal learning正式的学习过程；transmit传递；perform从事，执行；informal learning非正式的学习过程；acquire获取；development发展(这里活译为“成长”)。 　　3. While the roots of social psychology lie in the intellectual soil of the whole western civilization, its present flowering is recognized to be characteristically an American phenomenon。 　　[参考译文] 虽然社会心理学根植于整个西方文明的知识土壤里，其今日的繁盛却被认为是典型的美国现象。?? 　　[结构分析] 该句可拆分为两部分：(While the roots of social psychology lie in the intellectual soil of the whole western civilization,) (its present flowering is recognized to be characteristically an American phenomenon. )，第一部分是以While引导的让步状语从句，第二部分是主句；从句中，主语是the roots，谓语是lie in，of social psychology是roots的后置定语，the intellectual…western civilization是介词in的宾语，of the whole western civilization是soil 的后置定语；主句的主语是its present flowering，其中的its指代前面的roots，谓语是