2018年新课标英语艺考生文化课冲刺总复习课件——语法讲解篇—语态.pptVIP

高三英语总复习基础部分——语法讲解篇 2.2　高中英语常用语法——语态 一、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be+done”构成。be有人称、数和时态的变化。 1.一般现在时:am/is/are done Rice is grown in the south of the states. 2.一般过去时:was/were done The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month. 3.一般将来时:will(shall) be done Cars will be sent abroad by sea. 4.过去将来时:would(should) be done The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. 5.现在进行时:am/is/are being done The rooms are being painted now. 6.过去进行时:was/were being done Trees were being planted here at this time last year. 7.现在完成时:have/has been done I have been told that the sports meeting might be put off. 8.过去完成时:had been done He had been considered to be a great leader. 9.常用时态的主被动形式对照表 时态 主动 被动 一般现在时 do/does am/is/are done 一般过去时 did was/were done 一般将来时 will do will be done 过去将来时 would do would be done 现在进行时 am/is/are doing am/is/are being done 过去进行时 was/were doing was/were being done 将来进行时 will be doing 现在完成时 have/has done have/has been done 过去完成时 had done had been done 二、被动语态的用法 1.不知道或不必说出动作的执行者。 How is this word pronounced? After war,everything was destroyed. 2.强调动作的承受者。 If you break the school rules,you will be punished. A new Hope School will be opened in our village. Xiao Li was elected monitor of the class. 3.动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物。 The bridge was washed away by the flood. We were shocked by the news of his death. Many accidents were caused by careless driving. 4.有些动词习惯上常用被动语态。 He was born in this city. The school is situated in the suburbs. 三、被动语态的应注意事项 1.带情态动词的被动结构形式:情态动词+be+done The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2.在使役动词have,make,let以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作宾语补足语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to。 例:Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为:A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 3.常用被动语态的句型: 一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe,consider,expect,report,say,suppose,think等可以用于句型“It+be+过去分词+t