Unit4-5主语的翻译概要.pptVIP

Unit Four Translation of Subject A comparative Study of Chinese and English Subject 英语主语主要分七大类： 1．施动主语（agentive subject）: Susan is growing flowers. 2．受动主语 (affected subject): Her books translate well. 3．工具主语 (instrumental subject): A stone broke the glass. 4．地点主语 (locative subject): The jar contains honey. 5．时间主语 (temporal subject): Yesterday was Monday. 6．事件主语 (eventive subject): The dispute over the problem lasted a decade. 7．“it”做主语，表时间、气候或距离：It’s very late. It’s very hot in summer here. It’s only half an hour’s walk from here to the museum. II. The Translation of Subject 1．原文的形容词性成分取为译文的主语 Eg1. 我的头疼得要命。 ⑴ My head aches badly. ⑵ My head is killing me. ⑶ I have a terrible headache. Eg2. 中国的人均农业土地面积比不上世界上其它许多国家。 ⑴ China’s per capita agricultural land cannot compare with that of many other countries in the world. ⑵ In its amount of agricultural land per capita, China compares unfavorably with many other countries. ⑶ China compares unfavorably with many other countries in terms of per capita agricultural land. 2．原文的名词性成分取为译文的主语 Eg1. 一个星期前我遇到了一件不可思议的事情。 ⑴ I had the most incredible experience a week ago. ⑵ I had the most inconceivable encounter a week ago. ⑶ The most unbelievable thing happened to me a week ago. Eg2. 一个企业的前途怎样，在很大程度上要看它的经营管理人员，尤其是市场管理人员的素质。 ⑴ The future success of an enterprise depends heavily upon its managing executives, esp. those with marketing responsibilities. ⑵ The quality of the management, esp. of the marketing executives, largely determines the future of an enterprise. ⑶ The quality of managing executives, esp. those with marketing responsibilities, goes a long way in determining the future of an enterprise. 3．原文的副词性成分取为译文的主语 Eg1. 已经有数千人在持续了一年的内战中丧生。 ⑴ Thousands of people have died in the civil war, which broke out a year ago. ⑵ The civil war, which has been going on for a year, has claimed thousands of lives. ⑶ The death toll of the civil war, which broke out a year ago, has amounted to several tho