[工学]广域网技术介绍.ppt

CCNA 4 Chapter 1 1.1 WAN Overview (广域网概述 ) A WAN is a data communications network that operates beyond the geographic scope of a LAN. 广域网是一种运行的地域超过局域网的数据通信网络。 各种速率的广域网链路 1.2 WAN devices and module（广域网设备与组件） Devices on the subscriber premises are called customer premises equipment (CPE, 客户端设备) The subscriber owns the CPE or leases the CPE from the service provider. A copper or fiber cable connects the CPE to the service provider’s nearest exchange or central office (CO, 中心局 ). This cabling is often called the local loop(本地环路 ), or last-mile“(最后一英里) . example In order for the local loop to carry data, a device such as a modem is needed to prepare the data for transmission. Devices that put data on the local loop are called data circuit-terminating equipment, or data communications equipment (DCE, 数据电路终端设备) .The customer devices that pass the data to the DCE are called data terminal equipment (DTE, 数据终端设备). CSU/ DSU The communications link needs signals in an appropriate format. For digital lines, a channel service unit (CSU,信道服务单元 ) and a data service unit (DSU,数据服务单元 ) are required. The two are often combined into a single piece of equipment, called the CSU/DSU. The CSU/DSU may also be built into the interface card in the router. MODEM(调制解调器 ) A modem is needed if the local loop(本地环路) is analog(模拟) rather than digital(数字). Demarcation point (分界点 ) The demarcation point, or demarc as it is commonly known, is the point in the network where the responsibility of the service provider or telco ends. United States International 1.3 WAN Standards（广域网标准） 1.3.1 Physical Layer Standards （物理层标准） The physical layer protocols describe how to provide electrical(电气), mechanical(机械), operational(操作), and functional(功能) connections to the services provided by a communications service provider. WAN connectors 1.3.2 Data Link layer Standards（数据链路层标准） The data link layer protocols define how data is encapsulated for transmission to remote sites, and the mechanisms fo