[英语]句子的翻译1.ppt

* C-t-E Translation * 主语选择要考虑语篇连贯 连贯是词语、小句、句群在概念、逻辑上合理，恰当地连为一体的语篇特征。主语在英语语篇的连贯作用主要表现在，前后相邻而构成一个意群的几个句子中的主语一般是同属关系，不宜随意更换。但是汉语主语却起不到这样的作用，因此汉语意群中几个句子的主语（如果有的话）只要与主题关联就可以，不要求必须同属。 * C-t-E Translation * 450万公顷的农作物被毁，工厂被迫停工，产量受到影响，货运、客运也被迫中断。再未来的岁月里，人们都会感受到洪灾对中国经济的影响。 Crops on 4.5 million hectares have been destroyed, and industrial output has suffered as factories have had to shut. Passenger and freight transportation has been disrupted. The overall effect on China’s economy will be felt in future years. 在该例中，“农作物”、“工厂”、“产量”、“货运、客运”可视为同属关系，而“人们”则很明显不能与上述词语同属。因此在英译时，原文最后一句的主语转换成“the overall effect”，同时也顾及到了重点信息的传译。 * C-t-E Translation * 豫园自十六世纪后，曾几度变迁，屡遭摧残。至解放前夕，园内景物荒芜殆尽。解放后重新进行了修缮，至一九六一年开放，成为上海人民参观游览的场所。 Since the 16th century, Yuyuan has undergone many changes and suffered repeated devastation. On the eve of the liberation of old China, the garden was reduced to a desolate waste. When new China was founded, it was restored and opened to the public in 1961. Since then it remains a place of popular resort in Shanghai. * C-t-E Translation * 注意：不要频繁地更换主语 在翻译景物、人物时，译文最好不要频繁地更换主语，如果经常变换主语，有时会破坏句子的流畅性。一般应站在一定的角度去观察全文中的事物，想象事物，然后相应地翻译英语。 望着隔江的山色，岚翠鲜明，那江中来往的船只，帆樯历历可数；那一轮红日，沉沉地傍着山头下去了。 They gazed at the green, fresh mountains across the river, the boat playing to and fro —— they could see each sail quite clearly and the red sun gradually sinking behind the mountains. * C-t-E Translation * 例1 我走进他的办公室访问了他，谈到了目前的形式和未来的上海贸易前景。 I called on him in his office, and he talked with me about the present situation and the future prospects of Shanghai’s foreign trade. 可改为： I called on him at his office, and talked about the present situation and future prospects of Shanghai’s foreign trade. * C-t-E Translation * 自上了轿，进了城，从纱窗中瞧瞧，其街市之繁华，人烟之阜盛，自非别处可比。 译文：She got into her chair. They carried her through the city wall. She peeped through the gauze panel which served as a window. Streets and buildings could be seen. She noticed that they were richer and more elegant. And throngs of people we