供应链管理（英文课件）Chapter9-Procurement_and_Outsourcing_Strategies.ppt

1 1 1 1 1 Chapter 9: Procurement and Outsourcing Strategies 1 Dr. YANG Ruina 2 2 2 2 2 Agenda Introduction Outsourcing Buy/make Decision Procurement Strategy Summary 3 Introduction Outsourcing components have increased progressively over the years. 4 Introduction Some Famous Examples of Outsourcing: Fashion Industry (Nike) (all manufacturing outsourced) Electronics Industry Cisco (major suppliers across the world) Apple (over 70% of components outsourced) 5 Not Just Manufacturing but Product Design, Too… Taiwanese companies now design and manufacture most laptop sold around the world. Brands such as Hewlett-Packard and PalmOne collaborate with Asian suppliers on the design of their PDAs. 6 Questions/Issues with Outsourcing Why do many technology companies outsource manufacturing, and even innovation, to Asian manufacturers? What are the risks involved? Should outsourcing strategies depend on product characteristics, such as product clockspeed, and if so how? 7 Discussion Points Buy/make decision process Advantages and the risks with outsourcing Framework for optimizing buy/make decisions. Effective procurement strategies Framework for identifying the appropriate procurement strategy Linkage of procurement strategy to outsourcing strategy. The procurement process Independent (public), private, and consortium-based e-marketplaces. New developments mean higher opportunities and greater challenges faced by many buyers 8 Outsourcing Benefits Economies of scale Risk pooling Reduce capital investment Focus on core competency Increased flexibility 12 Framework for Make/Buy Decisions How can the firm decide on which component to manufacture and which to outsource? Focus on core competencies How can the firm identify what is in the core? What is outside the core? 13 Two Main Reasons for Outsourcing Dependency on capacity Dependency on knowledge 14 Outsourcing Decisions at Toyota 15 Product Architectures Modular product Made by combining different components Comp