[数学]动态规划应用.docVIP

天津工业大学 毕业设计（论文） 题目：动态规划在学生选课中的应用 姓 名 学 院 专 业 指导教师 职 称 2011年 5月 28日 摘 要 本文主要介绍了动态规划（Dynamic Programming）的基本内容，详细介绍了动态规划过程中的阶段、状态变量、决策变量的定义及其选取与详细应用。本文建立了大学生选修课选课的动态规划模型，并且研究了动态规划在求解选课过程最优解的过程中的应用。 本论文在阐述了多阶段动态规划模型的详细求解过程的基础上，主要解决了运用最优化方法中多阶段动态规划模型求解多阶段选课的问题。第二章是动态规划内容的详细介绍，第三章是多阶段选修课选课动态规划模型的建立与最优选课安排的得出过程。 本论文对于过程最优解与全局最优解的关系做出了直观的描述。这有助于系统化人性化的选课系统的建立。 关键词：动态规划；最优解；阶段；决策变量；状态变量。  ABSTRACT This article mainly introduced the Dynamic Programming and introduced the process of dynamic planning stage or state variables, the definition and selection decision variables with detailed applications. This paper established the course of college students elective dynamic programming model., and studied the dynamic programming in solving the optimal solution of course selection process in the process of application. This paper expounded the dynamic programming model in multi-stage detailed solving process, mainly solved the basis for the use of the optimization methods of dynamic programming model to solve multiple stage of course. The second chapter is dynamic programming content detailed introduction, and the third chapter is multi-stage elective courses of dynamic programming model is established and arrange the optimal selection is obtained. This paper describes process optimal solution and the global optimal solution relationship intuitively. It helps to establish systematic humanistic elective course system. Keywords: Dynamic planning; The optimal solution; Stage; The decision variables; Stage variables.  目 录 第一章 前言……………………………………………………………1 第二章 动态规划的基本概念和基本原理……………………………2 2.1 动态规划的基本概念……………………………………………………2 2.1.1 阶段………………………………………………………………2 2.1.2 状态………………………………………………………………2 2.1.3 决策和策略………………………………………………………3 2.1.4 状态转移方程……………………………………………………3 2.1.5 指标函数…………………………………………………………4 2.2 动态规划的基本思想与基本原理………………………………………4 2.2.1 动态规划方法的基本思想………………………………………4 2.2.2动态规划算法的基本步骤………………………………………5 2.2.3 动态规划的基本方程与基本原理………………………………6 2