口译Lecture 4 Training of Short-term Memory.ppt

Lecture 4Training of Short-term Memory Listening comprehension is a very important part of linguistic competence. This is particularly true for the interpreters of consecutive interpretation. Whether you can absorb the information as much as you can or not largely depends on your STM. You need to be trained for the purpose and you need to be improved in this respect. The more information you can absorb and retain, the more competent and confident you become. To attain this goal, you must practice more and do a lot exercises in this field. 2.1. Casual Listening 2.2. Creative Listening Reconstructing the image and feelings suggested by what one is hearing 2.3. Exploratory Listening Random listening to find points of interest 2.4. Intent Listening 2.1. Casual Listening 2.1.1. Conversational listening listening in social interaction 2.1.2. Secondary listening listening to background sounds to make primary activity more meaningful 2.1.3. Aesthetic listening listening for the enjoyment of content with no thought of discussing critically 2.4. Intent Listening 2.4.1. Receptive listening remembering a sequence of details 2.4.2. Reflective listening Getting central ideas Identifying transitional elements Using contextual clues to determine word meaning Distinguishing relevant and irrelevant material Drawing inferences 1) Develop your own ways of strengthening memory power, retrieval cues (clues for recalling) 2) Must be interested in/concentrated on topic under discussion 3) Interest facilitates understanding and concentration 3.1 Three Levels of STM Training A. 单句记忆/Simple Sentences B. 复句记忆/Complex Sentences C. 段落记忆/Paragraphs 一个原则：分意群，抓主干。 分意群：意群（sense group）或叫意义单位（sense unit） 按照意思将听到的句子分成不同的几块。这样句子结构更加清晰。 抓主干：在英语中，一个句子只有一个谓语，它必需在人称和数上与主语保持一致。句子中如果出现其他的动词，它一定是非谓语动词形式。（不定式，动名词，现在分词） 理解和把握西方语言的句子，只要抓住了谓语动词也就抓住了全局的灵魂。 Welcome to Wuhan/, I’m Sun Lingyan/, from Hubei University of Education/, a teacher of the Foreign Languages Department/. I would like/to d