河川型态五层分类法架构与应用.pdf

中華水土保持學報, 43(1): 21-40 (2012) 21 Journal of Chinese Soil and Water Conservation, 43 (1):21-40 (2012) 河川型態五層分類法架構與應用 陳樹群 安軒霈* 摘 要 河川行為與河相特性乃河川防洪與復育的主要影響因子，但台灣地區仍缺乏適用於 本土的河川型態分類系統。有鑑於此，本研究匯整河川型態之相關前人研究，依空間分層與營 力特性為結構，修正提出台灣河川型態五層分類法，以明確地定義河川行為的尺度。本分類法 將河川型態以空間尺度由大至小分為第一層流域特性、第二層水系特性、第三層主流特性、第 四河道特性與第五層主流特性。其中第一層至第二層為大尺度的流域水系幾何外觀或型態，第 三層至第四層為中尺度的河道水理行為，第五層則為描述小尺度的物理棲地環境。本研究提出 各層的參數、型態分析法則與計算方法，並以大甲溪做為案例，說明河川型態五層分類法之應 用與展現成果。 關鍵詞：河川型態，分類，大甲溪。 The Framework and Application of River Morphology Five Level Classification * Su-Chin Chen Shiuan-Pei An ABSTRACT The behaviors and characteristics of rivers are the important issues of flood con- trol and habitat restoration. Little literature, however, is available on the classification and application of river morphology in Taiwan. Therefore, this study proposed the method of River Morphology Five Level Classification, which was established upon spatial scale and force, to define the influential lev- els of river behaviors. This classification method was divided into five levels, i.e. Level I: Basin, Level II: Drainage, Level III: Main River, Level IV: Channel and Level V: Habitat with spatial scale. Level I and Level II explained the geometric shape and pattern of the basin and drainage. Level III and Level IV focused on the hydraulic behaviors in the main rivers and channels. Level V determined the physical habitat quantitatively. According to the theoretic framework, this study proposed the an- alyzed method of each morphological paramete