专业英语第4讲..ppt

English in Optoelectronic Information Technology Chapter 1 Geometrical Optics * Chapter 1. Geometrical Optics 光电信息技术专业英语 * New Words Expressions: algebraical a. 代数学的，代数的 linear magnification n. 线性放大率 derivation n.引出，来历，出处 thin-lens equation n. 薄透镜方程 convention n.协定，惯例 dime n. 美一角硬币 image-forming devices n.成像设备 spherical aberration n. 球差 isosceles a. 二等边的 analogous a.类似的，相似的 parabolic mirror n. 抛物柱面镜 aberrations n. 失常,象差 paraxial approximation n. 旁轴近似 radii n. 半径 binocular n.双筒望远镜 chromatic aberration n. 色差 troublesome a. 麻烦的，棘手的 grinding n. 磨的，碾的 aspherics n. 非球面镜头 condenser n. 冷凝器，电容器 1.5 Thin Lenses An optical lens is a piece of glass or other transparent material used to direct or control rays of light. Usually the lens surfaces are spherical, although other shapes (parabolic, cylindrical, etc.) are not uncommon. The refraction of light at the surface of a lens depends on its shape, its index of refraction, and the nature of the medium surrounding it (usually air), in accordance with Snell’s law. 一块光学透镜是一块用于引导或者控制光线的玻璃或者其他透明材料。透镜表面形状一般都是球面的，尽管其他的形状（抛物线、圆柱形）也会常见到。光在透镜表面的折射取决于它的形状，它的折射系数，以及周围介质（通常是空气）的性质，这跟斯涅尔定律是一致的。 Because lenses can be used to produce images of objects, they form the basis of most optical instruments, from cameras and projectors to microscopes and telescopes. In fact, the eye itself contains a lens and functions as an optical system. 因为透镜可以产生物体的像，它们是构成大部分光学仪器的基础元件，从相机、投影仪到显微镜和望远镜。事实上，眼睛本身包含着一个透镜，并具有一个光学系统的功能。 3 1.5 Thin Lenses There are only a few distinct ways of combining flat, convex, and concave surfaces to form a single lens. If you hold a single lens like one of those in the figure at a moderate distance in front of your eye and look at something through it, you can make several observations. 目前仅有几种不同的方法把平面、凸面和凹面组合成一个单透镜。如果你把如图所示的某一个单透镜放在你眼前适当的距离来观察某些