《操作系统概念Operating System Concepts》原配课件PPT-ch01 Introduction.ppt

Chapter 1: Introduction 关于本课程 参考书： Abraham Silberschatz,Peter Galvin,Greg Gagne. Operating System Concepts. 高等教育出版社 (建议第七版) W. Richard Stevens, Stephen A. Rago. UNIX环境高级编程. 尤晋元, 张亚英, 戚正伟 译. 北京-人民邮电出版社 2006 成 绩 平时作业： 15%：（ 第三周开始，单周周一交，双周周一发 ） 实验： 25%：（ 第8-12周，内容和要求见实验指导手册） 考试： 60%，笔试 Chapter 1: Introduction What Operating Systems Do Computer-System Organization Computer-System Architecture Operating-System Structure Operating-System Operations Process Management Memory Management Storage Management Protection and Security Distributed Systems Special-Purpose Systems Computing Environments Objectives To provide a grand tour of the major operating systems components To provide coverage of basic computer system organization What is an Operating System? A program that acts as an intermediary between a user of a computer and the computer hardware. Operating system goals: Execute user programs and make solving user problems easier. Make the computer system convenient to use. Use the computer hardware in an efficient manner. Computer System Structure Computer system can be divided into four components Hardware – provides basic computing resources CPU, memory, I/O devices Operating system Controls and coordinates use of hardware among various applications and users Application programs – define the ways in which the system resources are used to solve the computing problems of the users Word processors, compilers, web browsers, database systems, video games Users People, machines, other computers Four Components of a Computer System Operating System Definition OS is a resource allocator Manages all resources Decides between conflicting requests for efficient and fair resource use OS is a control program Controls execution of programs to prevent errors and improper use of the computer Operating System Definition (Cont.) No universally accepted definition “Everything a vendor ships when you order an operating system” is good approximation But varies wildly “The one progr