Web-Sites-Design-and-Programming-3-2计算机科学与技术---网站设计与编程--双语教学课件.ppt

Web Sites Design and Programming Lecturer: Lijie Guo Room: XNA508 Phone: Email: guo_lijie163@163.com Introduction to XHTML Overview Origins and evolution of HTML and XHTML Basic Syntax Standard document structure Basic text markup Images Hypertext links Lists Tables Forms Frames Everyone Speaks HTML Everyone Speaks HTML (cont.) Everyone Speaks HTML (cont.) Everyone Speaks HTML (cont.) Easy or hard ? “A little” XHTML is very easy to learn. There is a lot to XHTML If you are serious about Web development, you will need an XHTML Reference An E.g. of HTML Basic syntactic unit: the “tag” Enclosed in E.g. This is iextremely/i simple Opening Closing tag tag This is extremely simple Some XHTML Tags i b p br / !-- comment -- …… Basic XHTML Syntax Elements are defined by tags (markers) Tag format: Opening tag: name Closing tag: /name The opening tag and its closing tag together specify a container for the content they enclose E.g. p Hello /p Not all tags have content If a tag has no content, its form is name / E.g. hr / Basic Syntax (cont.) The container and its content together are called an element element = tags + content (or only the tag if it has no content) All elements must be terminated. Elements with no content may be terminated in a single tag: br / (space before, but not after the slash) Element nesting is strictly LIFO (cross-nesting forbidden) Basic Syntax (cont.) If a tag has attributes, they appear between its name and the right bracket of the opening tag E.g. img src = “c10.jpg” / Attribute values must be in double quotes, even if they’re numbers: tag attribute=“value”content/tag Attributes may propagate to nested tags, but be careful: inheritance of attributes is very patchy between different browsers, don’t count on it! Basic Syntax (cont.) C